マロボ礁湖

マロボ礁湖、マロボ・ラグーン (Marovo Lagoon) は、南緯8度29分東経158度04分 / 南緯8.48度東経158.07度 / -8.48; 158.07 付近に位置し、バングヌ島の東側、ンガトカエ島の北側からニュージョージア島沿岸にかけて広がる、世界最大の塩水の礁湖^[1]。ソロモン諸島の西部州を成すニュージョージア諸島の東部に位置しており、その範囲は、概ね 700平方キロメートルに及ぶ。また、大部分は二重の堡礁の列によって囲われており、チャールズ・ダーウィンが唱えたサンゴ礁地形の「沈降説」を最もよく説明する模式地とも評されている^[1]。

概要

マロボ礁湖の一部には、マロボ礁湖世界遺産地域 (the Marovo Lagoon World Heritage Area) が設定されている。2008年 12月23日に複合遺産「Marovo - Tetepare Complex」として暫定リストに登録され、2020年現在もその状態が続いてる^[1]。この礁湖では、ミナミハンドウイルカ (Tursiops aduncus) の生息も確認されている^[2]。この礁湖は、サンゴや魚類の種類も豊富で、ダイビングの好適地として人気が高い^[1]。

礁湖内には、多数の島があり、その一部には住民が居住している。全体では、およそ1.1万人が、50か所ほどに分かれて住んでいる^[1]。地元の住民たちは、マロボ語（英語版）を話しており、おもに自給自足農業（英語版）に従事し、漁撈の技術にも長けている^[3]。

脚注

^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e “Marovo – Tetepare Complex” (英語). UNESCO World Heritage Center. 2017年9月18日閲覧。
^ “Tursiops aduncus, Ehrenberg, 1833: Solomon Islands, Delphinidae, Indian Ocean Bottlenose Dolphin, Indo-Pacific Bottlenose Dolphin”. Review of Significant Trade: Species selected by the CITES Animals Committee following CoP14 and retained in the review following AC25. CITES Project No. S-380: Prepared for the CITES Secretariat by United Nations Environment Programme World Conservation Monitoring Centre. (2012). pp. 2–10 2014年5月20日閲覧。
^ Robert E. Johannes and Edvard Hviding (2000). Traditional knowledge possessed by the fishers of Marovo Lagoon, Solomon Islands, concerning fish aggregating behaviour. SPC Traditional Marine Resource Management and Knowledge Information Bulletin No. 12. pp. 22–29. オリジナルの2016-03-04時点におけるアーカイブ。

ウィキメディア・コモンズには、マロボ礁湖に関連するカテゴリがあります。

この項目は、ソロモン諸島に関連した書きかけの項目です。この項目を加筆・訂正などしてくださる協力者を求めています（ウィキプロジェクト国）。

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