トマス・パーカー (執事)

トマス・パーカー(Thomas Parker、1605年1683年)は、アメリカ合衆国マサチューセッツ州レディング (Reading) の町の創建者のひとりとなった教会の執事で、マサチューセッツ第12会衆派教会(現在のファースト・パリッシュ会衆派教会 (the First Parish Congregational Church) の前身)の創設者のひとり[1]

生涯

パーカーは、1635年3月11日ロンドンを発ち、船でマサチューセッツに向かった[2]。当初は、リン (Lynn) に住んだが、1638年に今日のレディングへの最初の入植者(あるいは最初の入植者集団のひとり)となった。この地は最初「リン・ヴィレッジ (Lynn Village)」として知られたが、1644年には7家族が7軒の家に住む集落レディングとして法人化された[3]。この命名については、パーカーが関わっていたと示唆する証拠があり、パーカーは「Ryddinge」という名の土地を所有していたイングランドのリトルノートン (Little Norton) という町のパーカー家と関係があったとされている[4][5]

ウェイクフィールド・コモン

パーカーはレディングの都市行政委員/セレクトマンとなり、司法委員 (Judicial Commissioner) も務めた[6]。パーカーは、イプスウィッチ川 (Ipswich River) の北側におよそ200エーカー(80ヘクタール)の土地を所有していたが、この所有地は、当時レディングの一部であったウェイクフィールドの入会地/コモンズ(現在のウェイクフィールドのタウンホールの北東に広がっていた)の東側一帯と接していた 。18世紀後半に、レディングは3つの町に分割され、新たにウェイクフィールドWakefield:First Parish と通称)、ノース・レディングNorth Reading:Second Parish)、レディング (Third Parish) が設けられた[7]

パーカーの墓標は、ウェイクフィールドのファースト・パリッシュ会衆派教会の西側すぐの墓地に置かれている。しかし、パーカーの実際の墓は、(当時は現在より広かった)ウェイクフィールド・コモン (Wakefield Common) の東側にある。1834年当時、この古い埋葬地は放置され、荒れるに任せてほとんど姿を消した状態になっていた。この年、タウンハウスの建設作業の途中で、そこにあった墓のいくつかは誤って破壊されてしまった。復元できた墓標は現在の教会西側の場所に移設されたが、移されたのは墓標だけで墓そのものは現地に残された[8]

出典・脚注

  1. ^ Parker, Theodore, John Parker of Lexington and his Descendants, Showing his Earlier Ancestry in America from Dea. Thomas Parker of Reading, Mass. from 1635 to 1893, pp. 15-16, 468-470, Press of Charles Hamilton, Worcester, MA, 1893.
  2. ^ Massachusetts Society of the Sons of the American Revolution, Historical Memoranda with Lists of Members and their Revolutionary Ancestors, pp. 290-292, Massachusetts Society of the Sons of the American Revolution, Boston, MA, 1899.
  3. ^ Wakefield, Town of, Web site (http://www.wakefield.ma.us/Public_Documents/WakefieldMA_AboutUs/aboutus)
  4. ^ Parker, Theodore, John Parker of Lexington and his Descendants, Showing his Earlier Ancestry in America from Dea. Thomas Parker of Reading, Mass. from 1635 to 1893, pp. 21-30, Press of Charles Hamilton, Worcester, MA, 1893.
  5. ^ Parker, Augustus G., Parker in America, 1630-1910, pp. 5, 27, 49, 53-54, 154, Niagara Frontier Publishing Co., Buffalo, NY, 1911.
  6. ^ Cutter, William Richard, Historic Homes and Places and Genealogical and Personal Memoirs Relating to the Families of Middlesex County, Massachusetts, p. 1860, Lewis Historical Publishing Co., New York, NY, 1908.
  7. ^ Wakefield, Massachusetts: A Brief History”. Wakefield, Massachusetts History Online. 2013年9月30日閲覧。
  8. ^ Parker, Theodore, John Parker of Lexington and his Descendants, Showing his Earlier Ancestry in America from Dea. Thomas Parker of Reading, Mass. from 1635 to 1893, p. 28, 34-36, Press of Charles Hamilton, Worcester, MA, 1893.

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