脱ドル化

脱ドル化(だつどるか、: Dedollarisation)とは、特定の国のドルへの依存を減らしたり、国際通貨として米ドルを放棄することを目的とした脱ドルプロセスを指す[1]

概要

アメリカが課す制裁のリスクを避けるために、そして地政学的動機によって動機づけられているかどうかに関わらず、ロシア中国などの国は自国通貨での取引に切り替えている[2]。この効果のイニシアチブはBRICS上海協力機構でも行われており、第16回BRICS首脳会議では『カザン宣言』が採択され「BRICS諸国とその貿易相手国との取引で自国通貨を使用することを歓迎する」とした[3]

反応

2024年11月30日、アメリカ合衆国次期大統領ドナルド・トランプTruth Socialの投稿で、BRICS諸国に対して貿易などで米ドルの代わりに使用する新たな通貨を創設しないという確約を求めると述べ、脱ドル化を進めればアメリカ政府から100%の関税に直面するとした[4]。同年12月6日、ロシアのパンキン外務次官は、BRICSが取り組んでいるのは新しい国際通貨ではなく、決済システム(BRICS PAY)だと述べ、「もちろん取り組みを続ける」と語った[5]

脚注

  1. ^ Explained: What Is Dedollarisation & Why Are Countries Dumping The US Dollar?”. Indiatimes (2023年4月17日). 2024年8月20日閲覧。
  2. ^ The end of King Dollar? The forces at play in de-dollarisation”. The Business Standard (2023年5月25日). 2024年8月20日閲覧。
  3. ^ BRICS首脳、制裁撤廃要求 共同穀物取引所や越境決済で合意”. ロイター (2024年10月24日). 2024年11月1日閲覧。
  4. ^ Trump threatens 100% tariff on BRICS countries if they pursue creating new currency”. CNN (2024年12月1日). 2024年12月14日閲覧。
  5. ^ BRICS決済制度、トランプ氏の脅しでも取り組み継続 ロ外務次官”. ロイター (2024年12月6日). 2024年12月14日閲覧。

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