玉澗

玉澗(ぎょくかん、生没年不詳)は、中国南宋初の画僧婺州蘭渓県の出身。南宋時代を生き、80歳で没したとされる。分野は中国絵画の禅画。形態区分は平面芸術。室町時代以降日本では、牧谿と併称される中国南宋末の画僧であり、海北友松に最も影響を与えた[1]

概要

「玉澗」という号を用いていた画人は複数いるが、「廬山図」や「瀟湘八景図断簡」などの筆者は「玉澗若芬」であると考えられている。号は玉澗、名は若芬、字は仲石、俗姓は曹氏である。臨安上天竺寺の書記を務めた。山水・墨竹・墨梅などを得意とし、また書いた字も不思議なものであった[2]。詩にも詳しかった。彼によるこのような山水画様式は、室町時代に「草山水」と称された。

日本の室町時代の画家雪舟も玉澗の影響を受け、「玉澗」の名を記した山水図岡山県立美術館蔵、国重要文化財)を残している[3][4]

脚注

  1. ^ 日本美術シソーラス・データベース絵画編 - 玉澗”. 筑波大学日本美術シソーラスデータベース作成委員会. 2022年11月25日閲覧。
  2. ^ 岡山県立美術館”. 2020年11月8日閲覧。
  3. ^ 県立美術館のイッピン、雪舟の山水図(倣玉澗) 岡山:朝日新聞デジタル”. 朝日新聞デジタル. 朝日新聞社 (2020年10月24日). 2022年11月26日閲覧。
  4. ^ 紙本墨画山水図〈雪舟筆/(仿玉澗)〉 文化遺産オンライン”. bunka.nii.ac.jp. 文化庁. 2022年11月26日閲覧。

関連項目

  • 名古屋城 - 二ノ丸庭園は玉澗の影響を受けた作庭とされる
  • 玉泉園 - 同庭園は玉澗の山水図に影響を受けたとされる

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