海口語

海口語
Hái-kháu-oe
発音 IPA: [hai˨˩˧ xau˨˩˧ ue˨˧]
話される国 中国
地域 海南省海口市
言語系統
公的地位
公用語
統制機関
言語コード
ISO 639-3
テンプレートを表示

海口語(かいこうご)は、閩語のうち、海南語(瓊文語)の府城片の一方言。中国海南省海口市で話されている。海口市内の方言は、市街地区から5キロメートル (km) にある瓊山区府城鎮の方言と同じで、市街地区の発音は郊外地区(秀英区)の発音とははっきりした差異がない。しかし、市街地区の西、13 kmにある長流鎮の住民は、海口語と地元の長流語を話し、この両者には一定の差異がある。

発音

声母

海口語の声母子音)は16個[1]

唇音 歯音 歯擦音 硬口蓋音 声門音
破裂音 / 破擦音 無声 t ts k ʔ
有声 入破音 ɓ ɗ
鼻音 m n ŋ
摩擦音 無声 f s x h
有声 v z
接近音 l

韻母

海口語の韻母母音)は46個。

韻尾 開口呼 /a/ /ɛ/ /e/ /o/ /ai/ /ɔi/ /au/ /ɔu/
斉歯呼 /i/ /ia/ /io/ /iau/ /iu/
合口呼 /u/ /ua/ /ue/ /uai/ /ui/
鼻音韻尾 開口呼 /m̩/ /am/ /ɔm/ /aŋ/ /eŋ/ /ɔŋ/ /oŋ/
斉歯呼 /im/ /iam/ /in/ /iaŋ/ /iɔŋ/ /ŋ̍/
合口呼 /un/ /uaŋ/
入声韻尾 開口呼 /ap/ /ɔp/ /ak/ /ek/ /ɔk/ /ok/
斉歯呼 /ip/ /iap/ /it/ /iak/ /iɔk/
合口呼 /uk/ /uak/

声調

声調は8個。

海口語声調表
声調番号 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
声調名 陰平声 陽平声 上声
(陰上)
陰去声 陽去声 合去声
(長入)
陰入声 陽入声
調値 [˨˧] (23) [˨˩] (21) [˨˩˧] (213) [˧˥] (35) [˧˧] (33) [˥˥] (55) [˥] (5) [˧] (3)
例字 安天 平人 古女 正變 謝厚 姐雪 急七 六十

参考文献

脚注

  1. ^ 李栄.《海口方言詞典》(《現代漢語方言大詞典》分卷). 江蘇教育出版社. 1997年12月. ISBN 9787534331251.

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