リン酸鉄(III)

リン酸鉄(III)
識別情報
CAS登録番号 10045-86-0
特性
化学式 FePO4
モル質量 150.816 g/mol
密度 2.87 g cm−3(2水和物)
構造
結晶構造 単斜晶系(2水和物)
熱化学
標準生成熱 ΔfHo −1297.5 kJ mol−1(無水)
−1888.2 kJ mol−1(2水和物)[1]
標準モルエントロピー So 171.25 J mol−1K−1(2水和物)
標準定圧モル比熱, Cpo 180.54 J mol−1K−1(2水和物)
特記なき場合、データは常温 (25 °C)・常圧 (100 kPa) におけるものである。

リン酸鉄(III)(リンさんてつ、: Iron(III) phosphate もしくは ferric orthophosphate)とは、3価のリン酸塩であり、組成式がFePO4で表される無機化合物である。リン酸第二鉄とも呼ばれる。また、燐酸第二鉄と書かれる場合も有る。なお、2価の鉄のリン酸塩は、リン酸第一鉄と呼ばれる。

生成

塩化鉄(III)リン酸を封管中で180 ℃に保ち、2時間から3時間程度加熱すると、リン酸第二鉄の二水和物が析出する[2]

性質

リン酸第二鉄の二水和物は、バラ色の単斜晶系の結晶であり、冷水にはほとんど溶けず、塩酸に溶ける。

20 ℃における溶解度積は以下の通りである[3]

用途

リン酸第二鉄は、普通は五水和物の形で市販されており、農業において、ナメクジカタツムリスクミリンゴガイなど陸棲貝類の防除用の農薬として用いられる[4]。陸棲貝類の防除のために従来使われていたメタアルデヒドに比べて、リン酸第二鉄の哺乳類に対する毒性は極めて低い。食品添加物の栄養強化剤として利用できる程である。このためリン酸第二鉄粒は、有機農業においてでも利用可能である。

これ以外に、 リン酸鉄リチウムイオン電池 (Lithium iron phosphate battery正極に使われる、リン酸鉄リチウム英語版の原料としても使用される。

出典

  1. ^ D.D. Wagman, W.H. Evans, V.B. Parker, R.H. Schumm, I. Halow, S.M. Bailey, K.L. Churney, R.I. Nuttal, K.L. Churney and R.I. Nuttal, The NBS tables of chemical thermodynamics properties, J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data 11 Suppl. 2 (1982).
  2. ^ 『化学大辞典』 共立出版、1993年
  3. ^ 日本化学会編 『化学便覧 基礎編 改訂4版』 丸善、1993年
  4. ^ リン酸第二鉄はなぜナメクジに効くのか”. WINEPブログ. 2023年12月1日閲覧。

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