イトヒキハゼ

イトヒキハゼ
イトヒキハゼ Myersina filifer
保全状況評価[1]
LEAST CONCERN
(IUCN Red List Ver.3.1 (2001))
分類
: 動物界 Animalia
: 脊索動物門 Chordata
亜門 : 脊椎動物亜門 Vertebrata
: 条鰭綱 Actinopterygii
: スズキ目 Perciformes
亜目 : ハゼ亜目 Gobioidei
: ハゼ科 Gobiidae
亜科 : ハゼ亜科 Gobiinae
: ハゴロモハゼ属 Myersina
: イトヒキハゼ M. filifer
学名
Myersina filifer
Valenciennes1837
シノニム

Cryptocentrus filifer

英名
Gafftopsail Goby

イトヒキハゼ(糸引鯊、学名:Myersina filifer)は、スズキ目ハゼ科に分類される魚。噛みつく習性があることから各地の方言で「テカミ」(手噛み)などと呼ばれる。

分布

インド洋と西太平洋熱帯亜熱帯域に広く分布し、日本では西日本で見られる。

形態

全長は15cmほど。体色は全体的に淡い褐色だが、胴体に数本の太い横しま模様、第1背びれに黒い斑点がある。第2背びれと尾びれの上半分には赤い斑点が点線状に3列-4列並ぶ。

頭部は丸く、目は頭部の前方についている。口は目の後ろまで大きく開き、顎には細かいが並ぶ。頬には青くて小さな斑点がたくさんある。は小さい。第1背びれが大きく、軟条が状に伸びるのが特徴で、和名もここに由来する。他のひれも大きく、他のハゼに比べると大きなひれを引きずるような外見をしている。

生態

波の穏やかな内湾の砂泥底に生息し、テッポウエビ類の穴に共生する。敵が迫ると視力の悪いテッポウエビに危険を知らせ、一緒に巣穴にもぐりこむ。

キスマハゼなどと生息域が重なっており、それらを狙った釣りで挙がる「外道」の一つである。かかると口を大きく開けて釣りあがってきて、釣り針を外す時に噛みついてくる。毒はないがハゼにしては顎の力が強く、往々にして手に思わぬ痛みが走り、釣り人を驚かせることになる。あまり食用にはしないが、ヒラメマゴチなどの釣り餌に使われることもある。

長い間イトヒキハゼ属Cryptocentrus)とされ、学名Cryptocentrus filifer だったが、分類の見直しが行われた結果ハゴロモハゼ属 (Myersina)に移り、学名Myersina filifer となった。

別名

テカミ(各地)、ユビカミ、ユビカジリ、オキムツ、トラハゼなど。噛みついてくることに因んだ方言呼称が多い。

近似種

よく似た種類にヒメイトヒキハゼがいる。幼魚では区別が難しいが、成魚では頬に青い斑点がないので区別できる。

脚注

  1. ^ Larson, H. 2019. Myersina filifer. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2019: e.T46084720A46664634. Accessed on 03 February 2024.

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