Vigna mungo

Abbozzo fabaceae
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Vigna mungo
Vigna mungo
Classificazione APG IV
DominioEukaryota
RegnoPlantae
(clade)Angiosperme
(clade)Mesangiosperme
(clade)Eudicotiledoni
(clade)Eudicotiledoni centrali
(clade)Superrosidi
(clade)Rosidi
(clade)Eurosidi
(clade)Fabidi
OrdineFabales
FamigliaFabaceae
SottofamigliaFaboideae
TribùPhaseoleae
GenereVigna
SpecieV. mungo
Classificazione Cronquist
DominioEukaryota
RegnoPlantae
DivisioneMagnoliophyta
ClasseMagnoliopsida
SottoclasseRosidae
OrdineFabales
FamigliaFabaceae
GenereVigna
SpecieV. mungo
Nomenclatura binomiale
Vigna mungo
(L.) Hepper, 1956
Sinonimi

Azukia mungo
(L.) Masam.
Phaseolus mungo
L.
Phaseolus radiatus
Roxb. non L.

Nomi comuni

fagiolo mungo nero
fagiolo indiano
urad

Il fagiolo indiano nero o fagiolo mungo nero (Vigna mungo (L.) Hepper, 1956) è una pianta della famiglia delle Fabacee (o Leguminose), originaria del subcontinente indiano[1].

È conosciuta con il nome di urad, ma si usano anche numerose varianti: urad dal, udad dal, urd, urid, maas (in nepalese), đậu đen (in vietnamita, letteralmente "fagiolo nero"), ma anche urd bean, black gram e black matpe bean (in inglese).

Descrizione

I frutti sono baccelli stretti, lunghi 6 cm. I semi sono simili ai fagioli, ma più piccoli, e hanno buccia nera. A volte vengono decorticati, nel qual caso assumono il colore bianco.

Distribuzione e habitat

Vigna mungo è diffusa in Pakistan, India e Himalaya[1].

La coltivazione, iniziata in India in epoca preistorica, è largamente diffusa nelle aree tropicali e subtropicali dell'Asia, dall'Iran al Giappone; la pianta è coltivata anche in Africa e in Oceania.

Tassonomia

Linneo descrisse nel 1767 Phaseolus mungo. Successivamente la specie è stata scorporata, insieme a molte altre, dal genere Phaseolus e inserita nel nuovo genere Vigna.

Usi

Il fagiolo mungo nero è usato per l'alimentazione umana, previa cottura. Oltre che intero (bollito), viene consumato in forma di farina, che entra come ingrediente in moltissime ricette, ad esempio nel papadum.

Note

  1. ^ a b (EN) Vigna mungo, su Plants of the World Online, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. URL consultato il 18 maggio 2023.

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