Temnothorax

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Temnothorax
Operaia
Classificazione scientifica
DominioEukaryota
RegnoAnimalia
SottoregnoEumetazoa
RamoBilateria
PhylumArthropoda
SubphylumTracheata
SuperclasseHexapoda
ClasseInsecta
SottoclassePterygota
CoorteEndopterygota
SuperordineOligoneoptera
SezioneHymenopteroidea
OrdineHymenoptera
SottordineApocrita
SezioneAculeata
SuperfamigliaVespoidea
FamigliaFormicidae
SottofamigliaMyrmicinae
TribùTetramoriini
GenereTemnothorax
Mayr, 1861
Specie
vedi testo

Temnothorax Mayr, 1861 è un genere di formiche della sottofamiglia Myrmicinae.

Biologia

Le operaie della specie "Temnothorax" sono generalmente piccole (le regine generalmente si aggirano sui 2mm). Le colonie sono tipicamente monoginiche, anche se la poliginia facoltativa è stata documentata in diverse specie. Le popolazioni delle colonie sono generalmente piuttosto piccole, spesso con meno di 1000 lavoratori. Tuttavia, diversi studi hanno scoperto che le colonie di alcune specie sono ampiamente disperse con molti nidi satelliti alleati. Molte specie sono arboree, vivono all'interno di fusti cavi, vecchie gallerie di coleotteri o termiti o in galle. Sembra che la specie sia generalista trofica, nutrendosi di un'ampia varietà di oggetti recuperati, inclusi gli elaiosomi dei semi. A causa delle loro ristrette dimensioni hanno ben pochi predatori, ma tra questi abbiamo alcuni tipi di uccelli, spesso portatori sani di un parassita che viene a contatto con queste formiche attraverso i suoi escrementi.

Distribuzione e habitat

Il genere è presente in Europa, Asia e Nord Africa.

Tassonomia

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Il genere comprende oltre 450 specie:[1]

Circa 30 specie sono state individuate in Italia tra cui[2]:

  • Temnothorax affinis
  • Temnothorax albipennis
  • Temnothorax alienus
  • Temnothorax angustulus
  • Temnothorax aveli
  • Temnothorax clypeatus
  • Temnothorax corticalis
  • Temnothorax crassispinus
  • Temnothorax exilis
  • Temnothorax finzii
  • Temnothorax flavicornis
  • Temnothorax interruptus
  • Temnothorax kraussei
  • Temnothorax laestrygon
  • Temnothorax lagrecai
  • Temnothorax lichtensteini
  • Temnothorax luteus
  • Temnothorax minozzii
  • Temnothorax niger
  • Temnothorax nigriceps
  • Temnothorax nylanderi
  • Temnothorax parvulus
  • Temnothorax racovitzai
  • Temnothorax recedens
  • Temnothorax rottenbergii
  • Temnothorax sardous
  • Temnothorax saxatilis
  • Temnothorax saxonicus
  • Temnothorax sordidulus
  • Temnothorax specularis
  • Temnothorax tristis
  • Temnothorax tuberum
  • Temnothorax turcicus
  • Temnothorax unifasciatus

Note

  1. ^ Genere: Temnothorax, in AntWeb. URL consultato l'8 marzo 2019.
  2. ^ Genere: Temnothorax - Specie presenti in Italia, in AntWeb. URL consultato il 6 agosto 2013.

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