Strade nazionali in Svizzera

In Svizzera si definiscono strada nazionale (in tedesco Nationalstrasse; in francese route nationale) i tratti stradali di importanza generale per la Confederazione[1]; essi sono di proprietà della Confederazione stessa[2] e ad essa compete la loro costruzione e manutenzione tramite l'Ufficio federale delle strade (USTRA).

Classi

Le strade nazionali sono ripartite in tre classi, a seconda delle caratteristiche tecniche[3]:

  • prima classe: strade riservate agli autoveicoli, accessibili solo in punti determinati, a doppia carreggiata e senza intersezioni a raso[4];
  • seconda classe: strade riservate agli autoveicoli, accessibili solo in punti determinati e senza intersezioni a raso[5];
  • terza classe: strade accessibili a tutti gli utenti, con possibili intersezioni a raso e attraversamenti di centri abitati[6].

Pertanto le tre classi di strade nazionali sono rispettivamente autostrade, semiautostrade e strade principali.

La classificazione di strada nazionale è di tipo esclusivamente amministrativo e come tale non è segnalata agli utenti della strada; i segnali stradali riportano esclusivamente la classificazione tecnica della strada (autostrada, semiautostrada o strada principale), a prescindere dalla loro classificazione amministrativa.

Elenco

Di seguito si riporta l'elenco delle strade nazionali aggiornato al 2017[7]

Numero Percorso Note
N 1 Ginevra (confine) - Losanna - Yverdon-les-Bains - Berna - Zurigo - Winterthur - San Gallo - St. Margrethen
N 2 Basilea (confine) - galleria del Bölchen - Härkingen e Wiggertal - Lucerna - Stans - Altdorf - Galleria del San Gottardo - Bellinzona - Lugano - Chiasso (confine)
N 3 Basilea (confine) - Wiese e Augst - Birrfeld e Zurigo (Limmattal) - Galleria di Aesch - Galleria di Uetliberg - Pfäffikon - Sargans
N 4 Thayngen (confine) - Sciaffusa - Winterthur e Zurigo - Galleria di Islisberg - Cham - Svitto - Altdorf
N 5 Yverdon-les-Bains - Neuchâtel - Bienne - Neuchâtel - Soletta (Luterbach)
N 6 Bienne - Berna (Schönbühl) e Berna (Wankdorf) - Thun - Spiez - Gampel
N 7 Winterthur - Frauenfeld - Kreuzlingen (confine)
N 8 Spiez - Interlaken - Brünig - Sarnen - Lopper
N 9 Vallorbe (confine) - Orbe (Essert-Pittet) e Losanna (Villars-Ste-Croix) - Sion - Briga - Sempione - Gondo (confine)
N 11 Zurigo - Kloten
N 12 Vevey - Friburgo - Berna
N 13 St. Margrethen (confine) - Sargans - Coira - Thusis - San Bernardino - Bellinzona - Locarno
N 14 Lucerna - Zugo - Wädenswil
N 15 Brüttisellen - Wetzikon - Rapperswil - Reichenburg
N 16 Boncourt (confine) - Delémont - Bienne
N 17 Niederurnen - Glarona
N 18 Delémont - Basilea
N 20 Le Locle (confine) - La Chaux-de-Fonds - Galleria Vue des Alpes - Neuchâtel e Thielle  - Murten
N 21 Martigny - Portale del tunnel del Gran San Bernardo
N 22 Pratteln - Liestal - Sissac
N 23 Grüneck - Meggenhus
N 24 Mendrisio - Gaggiolo (confine)
N 25 San Gallo - Herisau - Appenzello
N 28 Landquart - Klosters
N 29 Thusis - Silvaplana

Note

  1. ^ Legge federale sulle strade nazionali, art. 1, cpv. 1
  2. ^ Legge federale sulle strade nazionali, art. 8
  3. ^ Legge federale sulle strade nazionali, art. 1, cpv. 2
  4. ^ Legge federale sulle strade nazionali, art. 2
  5. ^ Legge federale sulle strade nazionali, art. 3
  6. ^ Legge federale sulle strade nazionali, art. 4, cpv. 1
  7. ^ Decreto federale concernente la rete delle strade nazionali (Decreto sulla rete stradale), in Foglio Federale, FF 2017 6695, 12 dicembre 2017.

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