Sousa (zoologia)

Come leggere il tassoboxProgetto:Forme di vita/Come leggere il tassobox
Come leggere il tassobox
Sousa
Sousa sp.
Classificazione scientifica
DominioEukaryota
RegnoAnimalia
PhylumChordata
ClasseMammalia
OrdineCetacea
FamigliaDelphinidae
GenereSousa
Gray, 1866

Sousa è un genere di Cetacei Odontoceti della famiglia dei Delfinidi. Questi delfini sono caratterizzati dalle evidenti pinne dorsali gibbose e allungate situate sul dorso dei membri adulti delle specie. Vivono nei pressi delle coste dell'Africa occidentale (specie o varietà atlantica) e lungo le coste dell'oceano Indiano dal Sudafrica all'Australia (specie o varietà indo-pacifiche).

Tassonomia

La tassonomia del genere Sousa è complicata e discussa. Sono state proposte qualcosa come cinque specie:

Dalla metà degli anni '90 molti autori hanno accettato solamente due specie – l'atlantica e l'indo-pacifica.[1][2][3]
Rice, comunque, nel suo ampiamente usato lavoro sistematico del 1998[4] identificò tre specie, considerando quella indo-pacifica come due specie, chiamate semplicemente indiana e pacifica. La linea divisoria tra le due (sotto)specie passa per Sumatra, una delle isole indonesiane, sebbene si pensi che accoppiamenti tra esse siano inevitabili.

Comunque, il cetologo australiano Graham Ross scrive "Comunque, recenti studi morfologici, supportati in modo alquanto equivoco da analisi genetiche, indicano che esista una sola specie molto variabile, cui spetta di diritto il nome S. chinensis".[5]

I susa che vivono nelle acque cinesi sono conosciuti localmente come delfini bianchi cinesi.

Descrizione fisica

I susa presentano un profilo unico – il dorso infatti forma un angolo di 30-45 gradi.

Le due specie indo-pacifiche (fino al 2014 considerate sottospecie di una stessa specie) differiscono nel colore e nelle dimensioni della loro pinna dorsale. Quella che vive in Asia sudorientale (S. chinensis) ha la pelle bianco rosacea e la pinna dorsale più grande, ma è priva della gobba di grasso delle sue controparti sudafricana (S. plumbea) e australiana (S. sahulensis).

Gli adulti possono essere lunghi 2-3 m.

Note

  1. ^ National Audubon Society Guide to Marine Mammals of the World (2002) ISBN 0-375-41141-0
  2. ^ Cetacean Societies: Field Studies of Whales and Dolphins Mann, Connor, Tyack and Whitehead (2000) ISBN 0226503402
  3. ^ Whales, Dolphins and Porpoises Mark Carwardine 1995, ISBN 0-7513-2781-6
  4. ^ Marine Mammals of the World. Systematics and Distribution, Dale W. Rice (1998). Published by the Society of Marine Mammalogy as Special Publication No. 4
  5. ^ Humpback Dolphins Graham J. B. Ross pps 585-589 in Encyclopedia of Marine Mammals (1998) ISBN 0-12-551340-2

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