Sositeo

Sositeo di Alessandria nella Troade (Alessandria nella Troade, ... – dopo il 280 a.C.?) è stato un poeta greco antico, vissuto nella prima metà del III secolo a.C. tra Atene, Siracusa e Alessandria.

Biografia

Visto che Suda lo chiama anche "siracusano", si congettura che appartenesse al circolo letterario alla corte di Gerone II.
Ateneo[1] e Igino[2], inoltre, lo definiscono rispettivamente "tragediografo" e tragoediarum scriptor.
Probabilmente risiedette per qualche tempo ad Atene, in quanto Diogene Laerzio ci dice che attaccò lo stoico Cleante in un dramma, per cui fu sonoramente fischiato dal pubblico e costretto a scusarsi con il filosofo: proprio quest'ultimo fatto induce a credere che il verso non facesse parte di un intero dramma incentrato sulla derisione di Cleante, ma fosse un attacco isolato, inserito in un'opera di argomento diverso.[3]. Da un epigramma di Dioscoride[4] sembrerebbe, infine, che fosse stato sepolto proprio ad Atene.

Opere

Secondo un epigramma di Dioscoride[5] sarebbe stato restauratore dell'antico dramma satiresco nella sua forma originale:

«Anch'io custodisco il corpo di Sositeo, come in città un altro dei miei fratelli fa con Sofocle, io, Scirto barbarossa; infatti quell'uomo cinse degnamente l'edera
– sì, per i cori! – dei Satiri fliasii
e condusse me, ormai allevato in nuovi costumi,
alla memoria patria, restaurando gli antichi usi,
e di nuovo introdusse con impeto nella Musa dorica
il ritmo maschio, e trascinato al suono di una voce potente
……. rinnovato
dal genio spericolato di Sositeo»

In tale ambito, resta un notevole frammento[6] del suo dramma pastorale Daphnis o Lityerses, in cui il pastore siciliano, alla ricerca del suo amore Pimplea, viene connesso con il mietitore frigio figlio di Mida, che uccideva tutti coloro che, senza successo, gareggiavano con lui nella mietitura del grano. Eracle venne in aiuto di Dafni e uccise Lityerses[7]. Resta anche un breve frammento dalla tragedia Aetlio - probabilmente il primo re dell'Elide, padre di Endimione.[8]

«L'operazione arcaizzante che Dioscoride attribuisce a Sositeo viene da molti intesa come un tentativo di contrastare quell‟avvicinamento del dramma satiresco alla commedia che si era realizzato a partire dal IV secolo a.C. e che era caratterizzato principalmente dall‟assunzione di caratteri propri della parabasi, cioè attacchi polemici ai contemporanei, soprattutto intellettuali e politici, considerazioni metapoetiche, ecc.»


Per quest'attività, Sositeo fu annoverato tra i sette poeti tragici, indicati dai grammatici antichi con il nome di Pleiade, i quali, in epoca alessandrina, alla corte di Tolomeo II Filadelfo (285-247 a.C.), tentarono di rinnovare la tragedia, dandole un carattere prevalentemente letterario.

Note

  1. ^ X 415b.
  2. ^ Astronomia Poetica, II 27.
  3. ^ Diogene Laerzio, VII 5, 173.
  4. ^ Cfr. infra, sezione Opere.
  5. ^ Anth. Pal., VII 707.
  6. ^ 21 versi, forse dall'inizio del dramma. Cfr. B. Snell, Tragicorum Graecorum fragmenta, Gottingen 1986, n. 99, pp. 270 ss.
  7. ^ La storia è riferita da Servio, in Buc., VIII 68.
  8. ^ Stobeo, II 23.

Bibliografia

  • G. Xanthakis-Karamanos, Echoes of Earlier Drama in Sositheus' Daphnis and Lycophron's Menedemus, in "L'Antiquité Classique", n. 66 (1997), pp. 121-143.

Altri progetti

Controllo di autoritàVIAF (EN12694064 · ISNI (EN0000 0000 0469 4039 · CERL cnp00285842 · GND (DE102406405 · NSK (HR000086535

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