Soluzione glucosata

Le informazioni riportate non sono consigli medici e potrebbero non essere accurate. I contenuti hanno solo fine illustrativo e non sostituiscono il parere medico: leggi le avvertenze.

Una soluzione glucosata è una soluzione di destrosio in acqua da somministrare per via endovenosa a fini terapeutici.

Tipologie

I tipi di soluzione utilizzati sono vari. Per esempio:

  • D5W (5% di destrosio in acqua), che consiste di 278 mmol/L destrosio
  • D5NS (5% di destrosio in soluzione fisiologica)
  • 10% di glucosio in acqua - 556 mmol/L
  • 20% di glucosio in acqua - 1100 mmol/L

La percentuale è calcolata sulla massa, così una soluzione al 5% di glucosio/destrosio contiene 50 mg/ml (numero di moli= peso in grammi/peso molecolare in grammi) di glucosio, ovvero 50 g/L, ovvero 5 g di glucosio ogni 100 mL.

Il glucosio fornisce energia per 4 kcal/grammo, quindi una soluzione glucosata al 5% fornisce 0,2 kcal/ml. Il destrosio in soluzione è di solito destrosio monoidrato, che produce 3,4 kcal/grammo, pari a 0,17 kcal/ml[1]

Indicazioni terapeutiche

  • Correzione di deficit di acqua libera;
  • supporto calorico in varie circostanze, ma mai come sostituto in toto dei preparati per nutrizione parenterale;
  • veicolo di trasporto di altri farmaci compatibili con la soluzione.

Controindicazioni

Stati di iperglicemia, deidratazione ipotonica, iperidratazione

Note

  1. ^ Calculating Parenteral Feedings D. Chen-Maynard at California State University, San Bernardino. Retrieved September 2010. HSCI 368

Voci correlate

  Portale Medicina

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