Scrittura odia

La scrittura odia (in oriya ଓଡ଼ିଆ ଲିପି), anche conosciuta come scrittura oriya, è una scrittura Brahmica usata per scrivere la lingua odia.

Iscrizione di Kharabela in scrittura Kalinga e lingua Odia presso Hatigumpha, Khandagiri, Bhubaneswar

La scrittura Odia si è sviluppata a partire dall'alfabeto Kalinga, uno dei tanti discendenti della scrittura brahmica dell'India antica[1]. La prima iscrizione conosciuta in Lingua odia, nella scrittura Kalinga è datata 1051.

Campione di alfabeto Odia da un testo buddista del 1060 d.C., scritto da Sarahapada

Alfabeto

I caratteri

଼ ଽ ା ି ୀ ୁ ୂ ୃ ୄ େ ୈ ୋ ୌ ୍ ଁ ଂ ଃ

୦୧୨୩୪୫୬୭୮୯

ଅ ଆ ଇ ଈ ଉ ଊ ଋ ୠ ଌ ୡ ଏ ଐ ଓ ଔ କ ଖ ଗ ଘ ଙ ଚ ଛ ଜ ଝ ଞ ଟ ଠ ଡ ଢ ଣ ତ ଥ ଦ ଧ ନ ପ ଫ ବ ଵ ଭ ମ ଯ ର ଳ ୱ ଶ ଷ ସ ହ କ୍ଷ ୟ ଲ

Vocali indipendenti

Le vocali "ଇ" ("i"), "ଈ" ("ī"), "ଉ" ("u") e "ଊ" ("ū") sono pronunciate come la maggior parte dei suoni lunghi allo stesso modo dei suoni vocali corti.

Consonanti strutturate

sorde sorde aspirate sonore sonore aspirate nasali
Velari (ka) (kha) (ga) (gha) (ṅa)
Palatali (ca) (cha) (ja) (jha) (ña)
Retroflesse (ṭa) (ṭha) (ḍa) (ḍha) (ṇa)
dentali (ta) (tha) (da) (dha) (na)
Labiali (pa) (pha) (ba) (bha) (ma)

Consonanti non strutturate

Le consonanti non strutturate sono quelle consonanti che non ricadono nelle strutture del paragrafo precedente:

(ja), (ra), (ḷa), (wa), (śa), (ṣa), (sa), (ha), କ୍ଷ (khya). (ya). (la),

Vocali dipendenti

Come in altre scritture abugida, le consonanti Odia hanno una eredità vocale. É traslitterata come ⟨a⟩, con valore fonetico [ɔ]. La sua assenza è marcata da una halanta (virāma):

Per le altre vocali diacritiche sono usati:

କଁ କଂ କଃ କ୍
ka kaṁ kaḥ k
[kɔ] [kɔ̃] [kɔŋ] [kɔh] [k]

(Nota: In molti tipi di carattere Odia le vocali e, ai, o, au non sono propriamente visualizzate; queste sono indicate in modo approssimativo tra parentesi qui sotto.)

କା କି କୀ କୁ କୂ କୃ କୄ କୢ କୣ କେ
(େକ)
କୈ
(େକୖ)
କୋ
(େକା)
କୌ
(େକୗ)
ka ki ku kr̥ kr̥̄ kl̥ kl̥̄ ke kai ko kau
[kɔ] [kaː] [ki] [kiː] [ku] [kuː] [kru] [kruː] [klu] [kluː] [keː] [kɔi̯] [kɔ] [kɔu̯]

Le vocali diacritiche possono essere fuse con le consonanti sebbene la stampa moderna che usa le legature non è più diffusa come una volta

Legature delle consonanti

Note

  1. ^ Oriya Lipi, Satya N. Rajaguru, Orissa Sahitya Academy, Bhubaneswar, Odisha. Page 1-58

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