Religioni in Giordania

La grande moschea di Amman.

Tutte le religioni in Giordania sono tutelate dalla Costituzione purché non violino la moralità e l'ordine pubblico.[1] Il Paese è a maggioranza musulmana, con il 94% della popolazione che segue il sunnismo mentre una piccola minoranza è seguace dell'Islam sciita e meno di 800 sono i bahá'í. Ci sono anche all'incirca da 20.000 a 32.000 drusi che vivono soprattutto nel nord del paese. Lo stato ospita anche una minoranza di cristiani, che arrivano a costituire il 6% della popolazione, seguaci prevalentemente della Chiesa greco-ortodossa o del cattolicesimo[2].

I cristiani hanno costituito il 30% almeno della popolazione giordana negli anni '50 del XX secolo[3]; tuttavia, gli alti tassi di immigrazione musulmana all'interno della nazione ha fatto sì di far diminuire in modo significativo la percentuale cristiana della popolazione del paese[3].

Non vi sono restrizioni legali nei confronti degli ebrei, ma nel 2006 ci sono state segnalazioni di cittadini ebrei[4], bahá'í[5] ed altre minoranze religiose che praticavano liberamente il proprio credo in Giordania, seppur con restrizioni specifiche.

Distribuzione

Le percentuali variano leggermente tra le diverse città e regioni, ad esempio il sud della Giordania e città come Zarqa hanno la più alta percentuale di musulmani, mentre Amman, Irbid, Madaba, Al-Salt e Karak hanno comunità cristiane più grandi rispetto alla media nazionale; infine le città di Fuheis, Al Husn e Ajlun hanno addirittura una maggioranza cristiana o comunque una percentuale molto maggiore rispetto alla media nazionale. Diversi villaggi sono mescolati tra popolazioni cristiane e musulmane, come Kufranja e Raimoun nel nord..

Gli Anglicani/Episcopali in Giordania sono sotto la supervisione del vescovo anglicano di Gerusalemme. La Chiesa del Redentore (Amman) è la più grande congregazione ecclesiale di appartenenza in tutta la diocesi episcopale di Gerusalemme e del Medio Oriente. Altre chiese episcopali ci sono ad Ashrafiyya, Al-Salt, Zarqa, e nei campi profughi di Marka, Irbid, Al Husn ed Aqaba.

Vita sociale

Nella generalità dei casi i musulmani e cristiani vivono insieme senza grossi problemi per quanto riguarda le differenze reciproche; tuttavia, le più piccole minoranze, composte da membri dello sciismo, dai bahá'í e da gruppi di drusi, sperimentano il massimo grado di discriminazione religiosa da parte del governo[6]. Alcuni esempi sono i casi di rifiuto da parte del governo giordano di riconoscere i membri della Fede bahá'í e della Chiesa anglicana[7].

Libertà religiosa

La religione di stato è l'Islam, ma la Costituzione prevede la libertà di praticare la propria religione in accordo con i costumi che si osservano nel Regno, a meno che non violino l'ordine pubblico o il buon costume.

La famiglia reale di Giordania, gli hashemiti, aderisce al ramo sunnita dell'Islam.

Note

  1. ^ Jordan International Religious Freedom Report 2014 (PDF), su state.gov, U.S. Department of State. URL consultato il 25 ottobre 2016.
  2. ^ Jordan International Religious Freedom Report 2005, su state.gov, U.S. Department of State. URL consultato il 9 aprile 2014.
  3. ^ a b Jeffrey Fleishman, For Christian enclave in Jordan, tribal lands are sacred, in Los Angeles Times, 10 maggio 2009. URL consultato il 10 maggio 2009.
  4. ^ US Department of State (2006), International Religious Freedom Report 2006. [1]
  5. ^ البهائيون في الأردن
  6. ^ The Berkley Center for Religion, Peace, and World Affairs at Georgetown University: Religious Freedom in Jordan, su berkleycenter.georgetown.edu. URL consultato il 27 febbraio 2016 (archiviato dall'url originale il 10 luglio 2015).
  7. ^ الطائفة البهائية تتقدم بطلب اعتراف من الداخلية

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