Open world

L'open world (in italiano mondo aperto) è un genere di videogioco in cui il protagonista può muoversi liberamente all'interno di un mondo virtuale; gli sviluppatori concedono ampia libertà al giocatore, il quale può scegliere come e quando affrontare determinati obiettivi o dedicarsi alla semplice interazione con l'ambiente circostante.[1]

Storia

Anni settanta

Secondo il sito Ars Technica, il primo videogioco della storia ad incarnare il concetto di open world è stato Colossal Cave Adventure del 1976;[2] ad esso si è poi ispirato il noto Adventure, considerato la prima avventura dinamica di tutti i tempi.[3]

Anni ottanta

La svolta definitiva è arrivata nel 1984 con l'uscita di Elite,[4] un simulatore di volo considerato come il pioniere che ha reso possibile gli open world moderni.[5][6]

Anni novanta

Nel 1996 ha visto la luce Super Mario 64, uno dei primi open world ad utilizzare la grafica tridimensionale.[7] Il sito 1UP ritiene che Shenmue, uscito nel 1999 su Dreamcast, sia stato il primo videogioco ad aver implementato una città viva e percorribile liberamente dal giocatore, con un ciclo giorno-notte e un tempo atmosferico dinamico.

Anni duemila

I capitoli in grafica tridimensionale della serie Grand Theft Auto hanno aperto la strada ad una nuova generazione di videogiochi open world; l'arrivo del primo capitolo di Assassin's Creed nel 2007, ha inoltre dato la possibilità al giocatore di esplorare un periodo storico come quello della Terra Santa durante la terza crociata.[8]

Descrizione

Un videogioco open world non implica necessariamente l'utilizzo di un vero e proprio sandbox, ovvero un genere nel quale il giocatore dispone di strumenti per modificare l'ambiente circostante; solitamente, gli open world rispettano alcune restrizioni del mondo di gioco a causa delle limitazioni tecniche degli hardware.

Note

  1. ^ Feature: The complete history of open-world games (part 1) - ComputerAndVideoGames.com, su web.archive.org, 27 maggio 2008. URL consultato il 26 maggio 2020 (archiviato dall'url originale il 27 maggio 2008).
  2. ^ (EN) Ars Staff, Roam free: A history of open-world gaming, su Ars Technica, 25 marzo 2017. URL consultato il 26 maggio 2020.
  3. ^ Gamasutra - Game Design Essentials: 20 Open World Games, su gamasutra.com. URL consultato il 26 maggio 2020.
  4. ^ (EN) The History of Elite: Space, the Endless Frontier, su gamasutra.com. URL consultato il 26 maggio 2020.
  5. ^ (EN) Jamie_Sefton 11 July 2008, The roots of open-world games, su gamesradar. URL consultato il 26 maggio 2020.
  6. ^ (EN) Dan Whitehead, Born Free: the History of the Openworld Game, su Eurogamer, 4 febbraio 2008. URL consultato il 26 maggio 2020.
  7. ^ (EN) from Matt Casamassina, Super Mario 64 VC Review - IGN. URL consultato il 26 maggio 2020.
  8. ^ Redazione, La Storia di Assassin's Creed (con Desmond Miles), su I Tre Caballeros, 2 novembre 2019. URL consultato il 26 maggio 2020.

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