O'nyong'nyong virus

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O’nyong’nyong virus
Immagine di O'nyong'nyong virus mancante
Classificazione scientifica
DominioRiboviria
RegnoOrthornavirae
PhylumKitrinoviricota
ClasseAlsuviricetes
OrdineMartellivirales
FamigliaTogaviridae
GenereAlphavirus
SpecieO’nyong’nyong virus

O'nyong'nyong virus è un virus della famiglia Togaviridae, genere Alphavirus, isolato per la prima volta in Uganda dall'Uganda Virus Research Institute nel 1959[1].

Trasmissione

O'nyong'nyong virus è trasmesso solamente dalla puntura di una zanzara del genere Anopheles infetta[2].

Epidemiologia

Vi sono stati solo due episodi di epidemia dovuti a questo virus.

Il primo si è manifestato principalmente in Uganda, Kenya, Congo e Tanzania tra il 1959 ed il 1962. Fu proprio durante questa epidemia che si riuscì ad isolare il virus dal sangue dei contagiati ed alcune anophele catturate nelle prime zone colpite dall'epidemia.

La seconda epidemia si limitò all'Uganda nel periodo tra il 1996-1997. Questa seconda epidemia suggerisce l'idea che il virus necessiti di un periodo tra i 40-50 anni per colpire di nuovo[3].

Clinica

I sintomi variano da rash, febbre, dolore addominale e agli occhi, letargia e linfoadenomegalia[1].

Trattamento

La terapia è esclusivamente sintomatica ed è basata su FANS ed eventualmente corticosteroidi[1].

Note

  1. ^ a b c Krauss, pp. 21, 2003.
  2. ^ Afrane YA, Githeko AK, Yan G, The ecology of Anopheles mosquitoes under climate change: case studies from the effects of deforestation in East African highlands, in Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci., vol. 1249, febbraio 2012, pp. 204–10, DOI:10.1111/j.1749-6632.2011.06432.x, PMID 22320421.
  3. ^ Powers AM, Brault AC, Tesh RB, Weaver SC, Re-emergence of Chikungunya and O'nyong-nyong viruses: evidence for distinct geographical lineages and distant evolutionary relationships, in J. Gen. Virol., vol. 81, Pt 2, febbraio 2000, pp. 471–9, PMID 10644846. URL consultato il 25 aprile 2012 (archiviato dall'url originale il 16 aprile 2013).

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