NGC 6866

NGC 6866
Ammasso aperto
NGC 6866
Scoperta
ScopritoreCaroline Herschel
Data1783
Dati osservativi
(epoca J2000)
CostellazioneCigno
Ascensione retta20h 03m 55s[1]
Declinazione+44° 09′ 30″[1]
Distanza3900 a.l.
(1200 pc)
Magnitudine apparente (V)7,6[1]
Dimensione apparente (V)7'[1]
Caratteristiche fisiche
TipoAmmasso aperto
ClasseII 2 r
Età stimata800 milioni di anni
Altre designazioni
Cr 412; Mel 229[1]
Mappa di localizzazione
NGC 6866
Categoria di ammassi aperti

NGC 6866 è un ammasso aperto visibile nella costellazione del Cigno; nonostante le sue dimensioni ridotte è un oggetto piuttosto ricco.

Osservazione

Mappa per individuare NGC 6866.

Si tratta di un piccolo ma ricco ammasso aperto, visibile 4,5 gradi a nordovest della stella Sadr; come riferimento si può anche utilizzare la coppia di stelle ο1 Cygni e ο2 Cygni, prolungando per circa 2,5 volte la direzione tracciata dalla coppia e deviando leggermente verso ovest. Si evidenzia anche in un binocolo 10x50 come una chiazza chiara e nebulosa, impossibile da risolvere in stelle; le sue componenti più luminose infatti, essendo di undicesima magnitudine, diventano visibili solo con un telescopio da almeno 120mm di apertura. Queste si dispongono principalmente nella parte sudovest dell'ammasso, mentre le componenti della parte centrale sono ancora meno luminose. A 100x l'ammasso è completamente risolto in diverse decine di stelle.

NGC 6866 può essere osservato da entrambi gli emisferi terrestri, sebbene la sua declinazione settentrionale favorisca notevolmente gli osservatori dell'emisfero nord; dalle regioni boreali si presenta estremamente alto nel cielo nelle notti d'estate, mentre dall'emisfero australe resta sempre molto basso, ad eccezione delle aree prossime all'equatore. È comunque visibile da quasi tutte le aree abitate della Terra.[2] Il periodo migliore per la sua osservazione nel cielo serale è quello compreso fra giugno e novembre.

Storia delle osservazioni

L'ammasso venne osservato per la prima volta da Caroline Herschel il 23 luglio del 1783, che lo vide probabilmente attraverso un piccolo telescopio riflettore; lo descrisse come un oggetto formato da alcune stelle deboli o forse una sorta di nebulosa. Suo fratello William Herschel lo inserì nella sua lista di oggetti non stellari fornendone le coordinate e una breve descrizione.[3]

Caratteristiche

Si tratta di un ammasso piuttosto ricco e di forma allungata in senso nord-sud, contenente almeno 130 stelle disperse su un diametro di circa 20'; presenta segni di segregazione di massa, fenomeno in cui le componenti più massicce tendono a concentrarsi al centro dell'ammasso, mentre la sua età è stimata attorno a 800 milioni di anni.[4] Le sue componenti più luminose sono di classe spettrale B e appaiono apparentemente decentrate; sono inoltre presenti diverse stelle di classe F e G.

La distanza di NGC 6866 è stimata attorno ai 1200 parsec (3900 anni luce); i dintorni sono ricchi di nubi molecolari, data la sua vicinanza fisica al grande complesso nebuloso di Cygnus X, una delle regioni di formazione stellare più grandi e attive della Via Lattea.

Note

  1. ^ a b c d e SIMBAD Astronomical Database, su Results for NGC 6866. URL consultato l'11 maggio 2013.
  2. ^ Una declinazione di 44°N equivale ad una distanza angolare dal polo nord celeste di 46°; il che equivale a dire che a nord del 46°N l'oggetto si presenta circumpolare, mentre a sud del 46°S l'oggetto non sorge mai.
  3. ^ Stephen James O'Meara, Deep Sky Companions: Hidden Treasures, Cambridge University Press, 2007, ISBN 0-521-83704-9.
  4. ^ Güneş, Orhan; Karataş, Yüksel; Bonatto, Charles, Astrophysical and structural parameters of the open clusters NGC 6866, NGC 7062, and NGC 2360, in New Astronomy, vol. 17, n. 8, novembre 2012, pp. 720-731, DOI:10.1016/j.newast.2012.05.003. URL consultato l'11 maggio 2013.

Bibliografia

  • Catalogo NGC/IC online, su ngcicproject.org. URL consultato il 7 settembre 2009 (archiviato dall'url originale il 28 maggio 2009).
  • Tirion, Rappaport, Lovi, Uranometria 2000.0, William-Bell inc. ISBN 0-943396-14-X
  • (EN) Stephen James O'Meara, Deep Sky Companions: Hidden Treasures, Cambridge University Press, 2007, ISBN 0-521-83704-9.

Voci correlate

Altri progetti

Collegamenti esterni

  Portale Oggetti del profondo cielo: accedi alle voci di Wikipedia che trattano di oggetti non stellari

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