Muscoli scaleni

Muscoli scaleni
I tre muscoli scaleni, vista anteriore
SistemaSistema muscolare
Origineprocessi trasversi delle vertebre cervicali
Inserzioneprima e seconda costa
Nervonervi cervicali (C3-C8)
Identificatori
FMA64829
Modifica dati su Wikidata · Manuale

I muscoli scaleni sono un gruppo di tre o quattro paia di muscoli, pari e simmetrici, situati nella regione laterale del collo.

Anatomia

I muscoli scaleni si distinguono in:

Hanno origine dal processo trasverso delle vertebre cervicali, dalla seconda alla settima, e si inseriscono sulla prima e sulla seconda costa. Sono superficialmente in rapporto con altri muscoli, quali il muscolo sternocleidomastoideo e il muscolo omoioideo. [1]

Muscolo scaleno minimo

Nel 30% circa delle persone è inoltre presente un quarto muscolo scaleno, lo scaleno minimo, che origina dal tubercolo anteriore del processo trasverso della vertebra prominente (C7) e si inserisce anch'esso sulla prima costa, oltre che sulla cupola pleurica. Dal suo tendine parte il legamento pleurale trasverso, costituito da varie lacinie tendinee: quando si contrae il muscolo, la cupola pleurica si alza.

Azione ed innervazione

I muscoli scaleni sono innervati dai rami anteriori del nervi spinali cervicali da C3 a C8.

L'azione dei muscoli scaleni anteriore e medio consiste nell'elevazione della prima costa e nella rotazione del collo sul lato opposto; lo scaleno posteriore consente di elevare la seconda costa e ruotare il collo dalla stessa parte[2]. Avendo azione elevatoria sulle coste, fanno parte del gruppo dei muscoli inspiratori.

Note

  1. ^ G.C.Balboni, A.Bastiani, E.Brizzi, Anatomia Umana, (Seconda edizione), Milano, Edi.Ermes s.r.l., 1984.
  2. ^ Trattato di anatomia umana. 1., vol. 1, 4. ed, Edi. Ermes, 2006, ISBN 88-7051-285-1, OCLC 889151546. URL consultato il 18 maggio 2022.

Bibliografia

  • Giuseppe Anastasi, et al., Trattato di anatomia umana, 4ª edizione, Milano, Edi.Ermes, 2006, pp. 158-160, ISBN 88-7051-285-1.

Altri progetti

Controllo di autoritàThesaurus BNCF 69662 · LCCN (EN) sh91001394 · J9U (EN, HE) 987007551300405171
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