Matassa

Una matassa è costituita dall'assembramento ordinato di un ammasso di filo, disposto a spirale, in forma circolare. Può avere peso e dimensione differente determinate dalle caratteristiche del filo, dall'uso e dalla tradizione.

Per evitare che si disfi, che si perdano le estremità e si confonda l'ordine, ha uno o più punti di bloccaggio, diversi a seconda del materiale del filo. Il capo esterno, quello che si prende per srotolarla si chiama bandolo.

Tecnica

Il sistema più semplice per costruirla consiste nell'arrotolare il filo intorno all'avambraccio, mettendo il filo alternativamente nell'incavo tra il pollice e l'indice aperti e all'esterno del gomito ripiegato. Alla fine si sfila piegando la mano verso il braccio.
Per costruirle si usa l'aspo, marchingegno in legno o metallo che può essere mosso manualmente o in modo meccanico.
Nell'industria il filo che esce dagli apparecchi di produzione, attraverso trafilatura, filatura, estrusione, trattura, viene raccolto su aspi, di diametro sufficientemente per produrre la matassa.
Per disfarle (dipanatura) e trasformarle in gomitoli si usa l'arcolaio.

Filati

Per i filati i due capi, fine e inizio, sono annodati assieme dopo aver fatto alcuni giri intorno alla matassa, vi sono uno o due altri punti di legatura fatti con un filo indipendente che servono a mantenerla in ordine, se la matassa non mantiene il suo ordine e i fili si incrociano diviene difficile dipanarla, cioè disfarla, il tempo necessario si moltiplica perché il filo deve essere fatto passare manualmente intorno agli incroci.

Sistema antico di stoccaggio, ora i filati vengono commercializzati in rocche, è formato indispensabile per la tintura. Le matasse da tingere devono avere legature larghe altrimenti il bagno della tintura non riesce a penetrare tra tutti i fili e il colore risulta disomogeneo.

Voci correlate

Altri progetti

Wikizionario contiene il lemma di dizionario «matassa»

Collegamenti esterni

(EN) hank, su Enciclopedia Britannica, Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.

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