Marcus Melchior

Marcus Melchior

Marcus Melchior (Fredericia, 26 maggio 1897 – Amburgo, 22 dicembre 1969) è stato un rabbino danese della sinagoga principale di Copenaghen, nell'ottobre 1943 durante la seconda guerra mondiale[1].

Dopo essere fuggito con la sua famiglia ed altri ebrei danesi in Svezia, prestò servizio come rabbino sostituto per gli ebrei rifugiati in Svezia fino alla fine della guerra, a metà del 1945. Nel 1947 divenne il rabbino capo della Danimarca, un posto che mantenne fino alla morte, nel 1969.

Biografia

Proveniva da un'importante famiglia ebrea in Danimarca.[2] Dopo aver conseguito il diploma rabbinico presso il Seminario rabbinico Hildesheimer di Berlino nel 1921, prestò servizio come rabbino a Tarnowskie Góry, in Polonia, dal 1921 al 1923, e a Beuthen (Bytom), in Germania dal 1925 al 1934.[2] Si trasferì a Copenaghen dove divenne rabbino della comunità ebraica locale.[2] Dal 1943 al 1945 fu rabbino sostituto in Svezia per i profughi ebrei dalla Danimarca.[2] Dopo la morte di Max Friediger, nel 1947, divenne rabbino capo in Danimarca.[2] Nel secondo dopoguerra implorò la riconciliazione con la nuova Germania.

Sebbene fosse un ebreo ortodosso, le sue capacità retoriche ed i suoi atteggiamenti culturalmente aperti lo rendevano un docente popolare anche al di fuori dei circoli ebraici. Ebbe quattro figli e due figlie, tra cui ricordiamo Arne Melchior (politico danese e ministro del governo) e Bent Melchior. Nel 1969, quest'ultimo successe al padre come rabbino capo a Copenaghen, padre di Michael Melchior, rabbino capo in Norvegia poi emigrato in Israele nel 1986 dove è diventato membro della Knesset per il Partito Laburista Israeliano. Fu anche il nonno del rabbino Ove "Uri" Schwarz che fu rabbino capo in Finlandia nel periodo 1982-1987.

Note

  1. ^ Ellen Otzen, The mass escape of Jews from Nazi-occupied Denmark, su bbc.co.uk, BBC News. bbc.co.uk, 8 ottobre 2013. URL consultato il 5 maggio 2018.
  2. ^ a b c d e "Melchior, Marcus". Encyclopaedia Judaica. 2nd ed. Detroit: Macmillan Reference USA, 2007. Vol. 14, pp. 10-11. Retrieved via Gale Virtual Reference Library database, 4 May 2018. Also available online via Encyclopaedia.com.

Collegamenti esterni

Controllo di autoritàVIAF (EN) 38012564 · ISNI (EN) 0000 0000 7330 2836 · LCCN (EN) no2015161715 · GND (DE) 12996252X · J9U (EN, HE) 987007265224005171
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