Mad Parliament

Il Parlamento di Oxford del (1258), conosciuto anche come il "Mad Parliament" e il "Primo Parlamento inglese", si è formato durante il Regno di Enrico III d'Inghilterra. È stato fondato da Simone V di Montfort, sesto Conte di Leicester. Il salone o parlatoio il cui speaker (presidente della Camera dei comuni) era Peter de Montfort sotto la direzione di Simon de Montfort.[1] Simon de Montfort ha guidato il Parlamento e comandato l'intero Regno d'Inghilterra per 18 mesi, dal 1264 fino alla sua morte nella Battaglia di Evesham.

I Parlamenti, a volte informalmente riuniti come una "conferenza", sono stati scene di negoziati tra Enrico III ed i baroni, che avevano sperimentato il governo dell'aristocrazia durante la minorità di Re Enrico. I parlamenti si sono riuniti in serie dal 1246, in quanto la posizione di Enrico III era indebolita.

In questo parlamento, la disaffezione dei nobili grandi possidenti con il Re ha raggiunto un punto di rottura: poco dopo che il Parlamento ha rinviato la seduta, un gruppo di baroni, guidati da Simon de Montfort, costrinse il re Enrico a accettare una nuova forma di governo, esposta nelle disposizioni di Oxford, in cui il potere è stato messo nelle mani di un consiglio privato, un consiglio di quindici membri che dovevano sorvegliare e supervisionare le nomine ministeriali, l'amministrazione locale e la custodia dei castelli reali. Il Parlamento, nel frattempo, che doveva incontrarsi tre volte all'anno, avrebbe monitorato le funzioni di questo consiglio. Giuramenti di fedeltà dovevano essere prestati al re e al Consiglio privato.

Il Parlamento Oxford del 1258 è stato preceduto dal Parlamento di Merton del 1236 e seguito dal Parlamento di De Montfort del 1265.

Note

  1. ^ Staff, The role of the Speaker, BBC 18 October 2000

Bibliografia

  • Henderson, E. F., Select Historical Documents of the Middle Ages, George Bell and Sons, London, 1910 (pp. 149–150)
  • Holdsworth, W. S., A History of English Law, Little, Brown and Co., Boston, 1927
  • Holdsworth, W. S., Some Makers of English Law, The Tagore Series, 1937-1938, Cambridge University Press, 1938
  • Kirkalfy, A. K. R. Potter's Historical Introduction to English Law and Its Institutions, Sweet and Maxwell Ltd. London, 1962* Plucknett, Theodore, A Concise History of the Common Law, Fifth Edition, Little, Brown and Company, Boston, 1956
  • Robertson, A. J., Laws of the Kings of England, Cambridge University Press, 1925
  • Roebuck, Derek, Background of the Common Law, Oxford, 1990
  • Stoner, James R., Common Law and Liberal Theory, University of Kansas Press, Lawrence, Kansas, 1992
  • Stubbs, W. H., Select Charters and the Illustrations of English Constitutional History, Clarendon Press, 1903
  • The Origins of Property in Land Numa Denis Fustel de Coulanges (McMaster University)
  • Lyall, Andrew, "Quia Emptores in Ireland" in Liber memorialis: Professor James C. Brady, Round Hall Sweet & Maxwell, 2001, pp. 275-294.
  • Antonio Padoa Schioppa, Storia del diritto in Europa - Dal medioevo all'età contemporanea. Il Mulino.
  • Frederic William Maitland, The Forms of Action at Common Law. Cambridge University Press 1962.
  • Baker J. H., An Introduction to English Legal History. Butterworths 1990. ISBN 0-406-53101-3
  • Milsom S. F. C., Historical Foundations of the Common Law. Butterworths 1981. ISBN 0-406-62503-4

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