Lingua marathi

Marathi
मराठी Marāṭhī
Parlato inIndia
Locutori
Totale99,1 milioni (Ethnologue, 2022)
Classifica10 (2021)
Altre informazioni
ScritturaAlfabeto devanagari
Tassonomia
FilogenesiLingue indoeuropee
 Lingue indoiraniche
  Lingue indoarie
   Lingue indoarie meridionali
    Lingue maratino-konkani
     Maratino
Statuto ufficiale
Ufficiale inIndia (Maharashtra)
Codici di classificazione
ISO 639-1mr
ISO 639-2mar
ISO 639-3mar (EN)
Glottologmara1378 (EN)
Linguasphere59-AAF-o
Estratto in lingua
Dichiarazione universale dei diritti umani, art. 1
सर्व मनुष्यजात जन्मतःच स्वतंत्र आहे व सर्वजणांना समान प्रतिष्ठा व समान अधिकार आहेत. त्यांना विचारशक्ती व सद्सद्विवेकबुद्धी लाभलेली आहे व त्यांनी एकमेकांशी बंधुत्वाच्या भावनेने आचरण करावे.
Traslitterazione
Sarva manuṣyajāt janmataḥc svataṅtra āhe va srtajaṇāṅnā samān pratiṣṭhā va samān adhikār āhēt. Tyānnā vicāraśakti va sadasadvivekabuddhi lābhalelī āhe va tyāṅnī ekamekaṅśī baṅdhutvācyā bhāvanēnē ācaraṇ karāvē.

La lingua marāṭhi,[1][2][3] maratti[3] o maratino (nome nativo: मराठी), detta anche maharashtra, maharathi, malhatee, marthi o muruthu, è una lingua indoaria parlata in India. Al 2022, è parlata da 99,1 milioni di parlanti totali[4].

Un'autrice moderna di rilievo in lingua marathi è stata la letterata, linguista, sociologa e scrittrice Durga N. Bhagvat (1910 - 2002).

Distribuzione geografica

Una descrizione della medicina sullo stereo la registrazione del discorso con Bronchite in lingua marathi

Secondo l'edizione 2009 di Ethnologue, nel 1997 in India si contavano 68 milioni di locutori marathi, stanziati principalmente nello stato del Maharashtra. L'emigrazione ha portato la lingua anche in paesi stranieri, come Canada, Israele, Mauritius e Stati Uniti d'America.

Al 2022, come parlanti totali, conta 99,1 milioni di parlanti, in gran parte madrelingua (L1).

Lingua ufficiale

Il marathi è una delle 22 lingue ufficialmente riconosciute dall'allegato VIII della Costituzione dell'India.[5] È lingua ufficiale nello stato indiano del Maharashtra.[6]

Dialetti e lingue derivate

Esistono 42 dialetti del marathi, tra cui cochin, gawdi di Goa, kasargod, kosti, kudali e nagpuri marati.

Sistema di scrittura

La lingua marathi utilizza l'alfabeto devanagari.

Note

  1. ^ marāṭhi, in Sapere.it, De Agostini. URL consultato il 22 novembre 2024.
  2. ^ India, in Treccani.it – Enciclopedie on line, Roma, Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana. URL consultato il 22 novembre 2024.
    «le lingue neoindiane, tra cui le più importanti, usate letterariamente, sono: kāśmīrī, gujarātī, marāṭhī, hindī, bengālī, oriyā, assamese e panjābī.»
  3. ^ a b Marāṭhi, in Treccani.it – Enciclopedie on line, Roma, Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana. URL consultato il 22 novembre 2024.
  4. ^ (EN) What are the top 200 most spoken languages?, su Ethnologue, 3 ottobre 2018. URL consultato il 27 maggio 2022.
  5. ^ Germano Franceschini e Francesco Misuraca, 1.11. Le lingue del diritto indiano, in India: diritto commerciale, doganale e fiscale, Wolters Kluwer Italia, 2006, p. 16, ISBN 88-217-2356-9.
  6. ^ The Maharashtra Official Language Act, 1964 (PDF), su bombayhighcourt.nic.in. URL consultato il 27 novembre 2012 (archiviato dall'url originale il 2 aprile 2015).

Voci correlate

Altri progetti

Collegamenti esterni

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