Legge fondamentale di Macao

Legge fondamentale di Macao
Titolo estesoLegge fondamentale della Regione amministrativa speciale di Macao della Repubblica Popolare Cinese
StatoCina (bandiera) Cina
Tipo leggeLegge ordinaria di devoluzione amministrativa
LegislaturaAssemblea nazionale del popolo
Promulgazione31 marzo 1993; 31 anni fa
A firma diJiang Zemin
Testo
(EN) Basic Law, su Governo della Regione amministrativa speciale di Macao. URL consultato il 4 novembre 2021 (archiviato dall'url originale il 30 ottobre 2007).

La legge fondamentale di Macao è una legge ordinaria della Cina che funge de facto da costituzione della Regione amministrativa speciale di Macao.

Storia

La legge fondamentale è stata adottata dal Congresso nazionale del popolo il 31 marzo 1993 ed è entrata in vigore a Macao il 20 dicembre 1999; 24 anni fa, quando la sovranità sulla regione è stata trasferita dal Portogallo alla Cina.[1][2] Ha sostituito la costituzione del Macao portoghese nota come "Statuto Organico di Macao".[3]

In conformità con l'Articolo 31 della Costituzione della Repubblica Popolare Cinese, Macao ha uno status di "regione amministrativa speciale", che fornisce garanzie costituzionali per l'attuazione del principio "una Cina, due sistemi" in modo tale che l'autorità governativa e il sistema economico praticati nella Cina continentale non siano direttamente estesi a Macao e affinché quest'ultima possa perseguire il proprio sistema di libero mercato e stile di vita fino al 2049; tra 25 anni.[4]

La Regione amministrativa speciale di Macao è parte della Cina e direttamente sotto l'autorità del Consiglio di Stato della Repubblica Popolare Cinese a Pechino, che controlla la politica estera e la difesa di Macao, ma che per il resto garantisce alla regione un "alto grado di autonomia".

Note

  1. ^ (EN, PT) Jorge A. F. Godinho, The Regulation of Article 23 of the Macau Basic Law: A Commentary of the Draft Law on the Protection of State Security, in SSRN Electronic Journal, 2008, DOI:10.2139/ssrn.1303245. URL consultato il 4 novembre 2021.
  2. ^ (EN) Portugal Lowers Its Flag, Handing Macao to China, su The New York Times, 20 dicembre 1999. URL consultato il 4 novembre 2021 (archiviato dall'url originale il 7 aprile 2019).
  3. ^ (PT) ESTATUTO ORGÂNICO DE MACAU, su Governo della Regione amministrativa speciale di Macao. URL consultato il 4 novembre 2021.
  4. ^ (EN) Carmen Amado Mendes, Portugal, China and the Macau Negotiations, 1986–1999, Hong Kong University Press, 2013, p. 7, 32, ISBN 978-988-8139-00-2. URL consultato il 4 novembre 2021.

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