Küçük Mustafa

Mustafa Çelebi (meglio noto come Küçük Mustafa, ovvero Mustafa il Giovane, per distinguerlo da suo zio; Impero ottomano, 1408 – Impero ottomano, 1423) è stato un principe ottomano, figlio di Mehmed I e rivale per il trono del suo fratellastro Murad II, da cui venne sconfitto e giustiziato.

Küçük Mustafa
Pretendente al trono dell'Impero ottomano
In carica1421 –
1423
Nome completoKüçük Mustafa Çelebi
NascitaImpero ottomano, 1408
MorteImpero ottomano, 1423
DinastiaOttomana
PadreMehmed I
ConsorteZampia Paleologa Doria
(1422)
ReligioneIslam sunnita

Biografia

Mustafa Çelebi, in seguito noto nella storiografia come Küçük Mustafa per distinguerlo dal suo omonimo zio, nacque nel 1408 come secondo figlio maschio del futuro sultano ottomano Mehmed I, che regnò dal 1413 fino alla sua morte nel 1421[1][2].

Superata l'infanzia, a Mustafa, come da tradizione, venne assegnata una provincia da governare, nel suo caso quella di Hamideli. Si trovava lì il 26 maggio 1421, quando Mehmed morì e il suo figlio maggiore, Murad II, fratellastro di Mustafa, fu proclamato nuovo sultano. Temendo per la sua vita, Mustafa fuggì a Karaman, dove, col sostegno di Şaraptar İlyas Pasha e dell'impero bizantino, che nel 1422 gli diede in sposa Zampia Paleologa Doria, figlia di Zampia Paleologa (figlia illegittima dell'imperatore Giovanni V[3]) e Ilario Doria, iniziò a preparare una ribellione contro Murad[4][5].

Approfittando del fatto che Murad era impegnato in un assedio punitivo a Costantinopoli, che aveva già sostenuto la ribellione di loro zio Mustafa, Küçük Mustafa guidò un esercito nei territori anatolici dell'Impero, e riuscì a conquistare l'importante città di İznik, anche se fallì nella conquista della capitale, Bursa. Immediatamente tolto l'assedio, Murad si diresse contro il fratellastro, che fu facilmente sconfitto, anche grazie al tradimento di Şaraptar İlyas. Catturato mentre tentava la fuga, venne giustiziato nel 1423 per ordine di Murad II[6][7].

Note

  1. ^ The Ottoman Empire, 1300-1650 : the Structure of Power | WorldCat.org, su search.worldcat.org, p. 77.
  2. ^ Mustafa Çağatay Uluçay, Padişahların kadınları ve kızları, Ankara, Ötüken, 2011, ISBN 978-9-754-37840-5, pp.27-30
  3. ^ Diverse figlie e nipoti di Giovanni V sposarono principi ottomani: sua figlia Maria sposò Murad I, altre due i suoi figli Bayezid I e Yakub, mentre una quarta, Irene, sposò Halil, fratellastro di Murad. Due nipoti, figlie di Teodoro e Zampia, sposarono poi un figlio e un nipote di Bayezid I, Süleyman e Mustafa.
  4. ^ (FR) Thierry Ganchou, Ilario Doria, le gambros génois de Manuel II Palaiologos : beau-frère ou gendre ?, in Revue des études byzantines, vol. 66, n. 1, 2008, pp. 71–94, DOI:10.3406/rebyz.2008.3033.
  5. ^ (FR) Collectif, Impératrices, princesses, aristocrates et saintes souveraines: De l’Orient chrétien et musulman au Moyen Âge et au début des Temps modernes, Presses universitaires de Provence, 9 dicembre 2020, pp. 133-167, ISBN 979-10-365-6145-0.
  6. ^ Joseph von Hammer: Osmanlı Tarihi Vol I (condensazione: Abdülkadir Karahan), Milliyet yayınları, İstanbul. pp 79-80
  7. ^ Yaşar Yüce-Prof. Ali Sevim: Türkiye Tarihi Cilt II, AKDTYKTTK Yayınları, Istanbul, 1991 pp 97-98

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