Isole Sula

Isole Sula
Kepulauan Sula
Geografia fisica
LocalizzazioneSud-est asiatico
Coordinate2°00′57″S 125°38′02″E
ArcipelagoMolucche
Superficie9.632 km²
Geografia politica
StatoIndonesia (bandiera) Indonesia
ProvinciaMaluku Settentrionale
Cartografia
Mappa di localizzazione: Indonesia
Isole Sula
Isole Sula
voci di isole dell'Indonesia presenti su Wikipedia
Le isole Sula nelle Isole Maluku

Le Isole Sula (in indonesiano: Kepulauan Sula) sono un gruppo di isole vicine nell'arcipelago delle Molucche, parte dell'Indonesia. Le sue maggiori tre isole sono Mangole, Sanae e Taliabu, a cui si aggiungono le piccole isole Lifamatola e Seho. Amministrativamente sono suddivise fra la Reggenza delle isola Sula e la Reggenza dell'Isola di Taliabu. Hanno un'area complessiva di 9.632 km² e una popolazione di 108.015 abitanti (censimento del 2000).

Queste isole sono state autonome già da prima dell'indipendenza dell'Indonesia. Le Sula erano note come Isole Xulla, ed avevano i nomi di Xulla Taliabo (Taliabo); Sanana o Xulla Bessi (Sanae); e Xulla Mangola (Mangola)[1].

Suddivisioni

Inizialmente tutte le isole Sula erano inquadrate nella Reggenza delle isole Sula (Kabupaten Kepulauan Sula) nella provincia delle Molucche Settentrionali. Tuttavia a partire dal 2013 la la più grande e più occidentale delle tre isole, Taliabu , fu separata dalla Reggenza delle Isole Sula per formare una reggenza separata, la Reggenza dell'isola di Taliabu (Kabupaten Pulau Taliabu).[2] A seguito della separazione anche i distretti (kecamatan) sono stati riorganizzati come indicato di seguito:

Reggenza delle isole Sula (12 distretti)
  • Sulabesi Barat
  • Sulabesi Selatan
  • Sulabesi Tengah
  • Sulabesi Timur
  • Sanana
  • Sanana Utara
  • Mangoli Barat
  • Mangoli Tengah
  • Mangoli Selatan
  • Mangoli Timur
  • Mangoli Utara
  • Mangoli Utara Timur
Reggenza dell'isola di Taliabu (8 distretti)
  • Taliabu Barat
  • Taliabu Barat Laut
  • Taliabu Selatan
  • Taliabu Timur
  • Taliabu Timur Selatan
  • Taliabu Utara
  • Lede
  • Tabona

Storia

Gli olandesi costruirono un forte sul Sanana nel 1652. Alfred Russel Wallace ha visitato le isole durante una spedizione ornitologica nel 1862.[3]

L'economia

Secondo i dati del governo delle Isole Sula le colture alimentari sono gli ortaggi, le arachidi, manioca, patate dolci, durian, mangostano e mango. A partire dal 2005 la superficie del terreno agricolo attivo è stato 24743,56 ettari con una produzione pari a 33,608.62 tonnellate all'anno. Taliabu-Sanana è il distretto principale come produttore di chiodi di garofano, noce moscata, cacao, copra e noce di cocco. La produzione ittica è molto varia e con stima potenziale sostenibile di 40.273,91 tonnellate all'anno di cui solo il 22,8% è attualmente sfruttato. L'attività industriale è molto limitata e le riserve di carbone sono stimate in circa 10,4 milioni di tonnellate.

Fauna

Specie introdotte:

Note

  1. ^ Goodall, George (Editor)(1943) Philips' International Atlas London, George Philip and Son map 'East Indies' pp.91-92
  2. ^ Presiden SBY Setuju Taliabu jadi Kabupaten, in Suara Pembaruan, 14 dicembre 2012. URL consultato il 26 novembre 2024 (archiviato dall'url originale il 5 marzo 2016).
  3. ^ Wallace's list of birds spotted in the Sulu Islands, 1862
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