Isabella del Balzo

Isabella del Balzo
Ritratto di Isabella del Balzo, Museo Filangieri, Napoli
Regina consorte di Napoli
Stemma
Stemma
In carica7 ottobre 1496 –
1º agosto 1501
PredecessoreGiovanna d'Aragona
SuccessoreAnna di Bretagna
NascitaMinervino Murge, 24 giugno 1465
MorteFerrara, 22 maggio 1533
Luogo di sepolturaMonastero di Santa Caterina Martire
DinastiaDel Balzo
PadrePirro del Balzo, IV duca di Andria
MadreMaria Donata Orsini
Consorte diFederico I di Napoli
FigliFerdinando
Giulia
Isabella
Alfonso
Cesare
ReligioneCattolicesimo

Isabella del Balzo (Minervino Murge, 24 giugno 1465Ferrara, 22 maggio 1533) fu regina consorte di Federico I di Napoli e, dopo la morte del padre, 3ª principessa d’Altamura, 5ª duchessa d’Andria, 2ª duchessa di Venosa, duchessa di Castel del Monte e 4ª contessa di Bisceglie.

Biografia

La regina Isabella in una statuetta di Altobello Persio, 1540 circa, Chiesa di Santa Maria della Croce, Ferrandina

Figlia di Pirro del Balzo, quarto duca di Andria e principe di Altamura, e di Maria Donata del Balzo Orsini duchessa di Venosa, figlia del duca di Venosa Gabriele del Balzo Orsini e nipote del principe Giovanni Antonio del Balzo Orsini. Pietro, detto anche Pirro, era Gran Connestabile del regno di Napoli e fu ucciso nel 1491[1].

Principessa e regina di Napoli

Dopo essere stata fidanzata nel 1483 a Francesco, primogenito del re di Napoli, Ferrante d'Aragona e della sua prima moglie Isabella di Taranto (Isabella di Chiaromonte), il 28 novembre 1487 Isabella del Balzo ne sposò il figlio secondogenito, il principe Federico di Napoli, vedovo di Anna di Savoia (1455-1480).

Il 23 ottobre 1496, Federico succedette a suo nipote Ferdinando II di Napoli ed Isabella divenne la Regina consorte, ma solo per cinque anni.

Infatti il re Luigi XII di Francia e re Ferdinando II di Aragona si contendevano la successione a re Carlo VIII di Francia per il regno di Napoli e Sicilia. Così nel 1501 Federico fu deposto e costretto all'esilio (morì a Tours il 9 novembre 1504). Isabella, insieme ai suoi figli Cesare Isabella e Giulia e alcuni membri della sua corte si diresse prima a Sabbioneta (1507-1508) dalla sorella Antonia, moglie di Giovan Francesco Gonzaga Sabbioneta, e poi a Ferrara, ospite del Duca Alfonso d'Este, dove morirà il 22 maggio 1533. Purtroppo non vi è traccia del corpo della regina Isabella, sepolta nel Monastero di Santa Caterina Martire, dal momento che il monastero fu soppresso.

Lo Balzino

Dettagli sulla vita di Isabella si ricavano dal poema Lo Balzino scritto da Rogeri de Pacienzia a Nardò nel 1499, analizzato da Benedetto Croce (La regina Isabella del Balzo, Napoli 1897) e pubblicato da Mario Marti nella biblioteca Salentina di cultura.

Il manoscritto F27 si trova nella Biblioteca Augusta di Perugia, una bella copia preparata per la nobildonna leccese Giulia Paladini, signora di Rogeri e amica d'Isabella.

Lo Balzino narra in ottave canterine la vita di Isabella del Balzo dalla nascita fino al trionfo regale del 13 febbraio 1498, quando Federico rientrò nella sua Napoli festante dopo la sua vittoria sul principe di Salerno. Sono otto canti, ma particolarmente suggestivi appaiono i canti centrali - dal terzo al sesto contenenti le sventure di Isabella e poi il suo trionfale viaggio da Lecce verso Napoli. Questa la parte relativa alla nascita di Isabella ed alcuni presagi. La sua bocca era così piccola che fu difficile trovare una nutrice:

Nascette questa nobile fantina
Che tutti membri ben formati haveva
Ma la boccuzza sua si piccolina
Che popigno de ziza nullo ne capea
Donna nissuna fusse 'lla vicina
Lactar per alcun modo la possea
Et spremer bisognava intro la boccha
Lo lacte da le zize a gotta agotta.

Discendenza

Isabella diede a Federico cinque figli:

Note

  1. ^ I genitori di Pirro furono Francesco II del Balzo, terzo duca d'Andria (1410-1482) e Sancia di Chiaramonte, contessa di Copertino e nipote anch'essa di Giovanni Antonio del Balzo Orsini. Francesco II del Balzo a sua volta era figlio di Guglielmo, secondo duca d'Andria e nipote di Francesco I, primo duca d'Andria e della sua terza moglie Sveva Orsini.
  2. ^ G. Mazzatinti, La biblioteca dei re d'Aragona, 1897, pag. CX, nota 1.

Bibliografia

  • Antonello del Balzo di Presenzano, A l'asar Bauthezar! I del Balzo ed il loro tempo, Napoli 2003.
  • Clifford M. Brown;Paola Tosetti Grandi (a cura di), I Gonzaga di Bozzolo, Mantova, 2011. ISBN 978-88-95490-11-3.

Voci correlate

Altri progetti

Collegamenti esterni

Predecessore Regina consorte di Napoli Successore
Giovanna d'Aragona 14961501 Isabella di Castiglia
Controllo di autoritàVIAF (EN266977003 · ISNI (EN0000 0003 8300 3794 · BAV 495/330475 · CERL cnp00501396 · GND (DE128609761 · BNF (FRcb17710902q (data)

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