Idrossipropilcellulosa

Idrossipropilcellulosa
Struttura dell'idrossipropilcellulosa
Struttura dell'idrossipropilcellulosa
Abbreviazioni
HPC
Nomi alternativi
cellulosa 2-idrossipropiletere
E463
Caratteristiche generali
Formula bruta o molecolareC12H20N2
Aspettosolido bianco
Numero CAS9004-64-2
Numero EINECS618-388-0
PubChem123706
DrugBankDBDB00840
SMILES
CCC(N)c1ccc(N(C)C)cc1C
Indicazioni di sicurezza
Frasi H---
Consigli P---
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L'idrossipropilcellulosa è un derivato della cellulosa, solubile in acqua a freddo e in vari solventi organici, ottenuto per trattamento con ossido di propilene.

Chimica

Il polimero presenta la formazione di legami eterei, con l'introduzione di gruppi idrossipropilici che sono generalmente presenti in rapporto variabile da 0,02 a 0,3 moli per unità di monomero.[1] Da notare che i gruppi idrossipropilici aggiungono un ulteriore -OH anch'esso in grado di reagire, pertanto, teoricamente, gli ossidrili sostituibili per unità di monomero sono maggiori di 3.

L'aggiunta dei legami eterei nella molecola di cellulosa ne aumenta la solubilità in acqua, introducendo al contempo dei gruppi di minore polarità. L'idrossipropilcellulosa produce delle gomme che possiedono una certa attività superficiale, rendendone utile l'impiego per stabilizzare emulsioni e schiume.[1]

Utilizzi

L'idrossipropilcellulosa è usata nell'industria farmaceutica come legante nella formulazione delle compresse[2] e in preparati oftalmologici per la secchezza oculare.[3][4][5] È anche un additivo alimentare noto con la sigla E463.

L'idrossipropilcellulosa trova impiego anche come matrice per la separazione del DNA tramite elettroforesi capillare e su microchip.[6]

Aspetti sanitari

Nel 2024 uno studio, pubblicato sulla rivista The Lancet, ha dimostrato che un gruppo di aditivi alimentari, complessificamente classificati come carragenine, tra cui la gomma di carragenina, fosfato di tripotassio, citrato di sodio, derivati della cellulosa e gomma di guar, possono aumentare il rischio di diabete di tipo 2 (T2D).[7]

Note

  1. ^ a b Srinivasan, Parkin, Fennema, p.137.
  2. ^ Susheel Kalia e Luc Avérous, Biopolymers: Biomedical and Environmental Applications, John Wiley & Sons, 2011, p. 562, ISBN 0470639237.
  3. ^ J. Luchs, D. Nelinson e J. Macy, Efficacy of hydroxypropyl cellulose inserts (LACRISERT®) in subsets of patients with dry eye syndrome (DES): Findings from a patient registry, in Cornea, vol. 29, n. 12, 2010, pp. 1417–1427, DOI:10.1097/ICO.0b013e3181e3f05b, PMID 20847657.
  4. ^ M. McDonald, G. D’Aversa, D. Perry, J. Wittpenn e D. Nelinson, Correlating patient-reported response to Hydroxypropyl cellulose ophthalmic insert (LACRISERT®) therapy with clinical outcomes: tools for predicting response, in Curr Eye Res, vol. 35, n. 10, 2010, pp. 880–887, DOI:10.3109/02713683.2010.495811, PMID 20858108.
  5. ^ B. Koffler, M. McDonald e D. Nelinson, Improvement in clinical signs, symptoms, and QoL associated with DES: Hydroxypropyl Cellulose Ophthalmic Insert Patient Registry, in Eye and Contact Lens, vol. 36, n. 3, 2010, pp. 170–176, DOI:10.1097/ICL.0b013e3181db352f, PMID 20351555.
  6. ^ Joshua C. Sanders, Michael C. Breadmore, Yien C. Kwok, Katie M. Horsman e James P. Landers, Hydroxypropyl cellulose as an adsorptive coating sieving matrix for DNA separations: Artificial neural network optimization for microchip analysis, in Analytical chemistry, vol. 75, n. 4, 2003, pp. 986–994, DOI:10.1021/ac020425z.
  7. ^ Clara Salame, Guillaume Javaux, Laury Sellem, Emilie Viennois, Fabien Szabo de Edelenyi, Cédric Agaësse, Alexandre De Sa, Inge Huybrechts, Fabrice Pierre, Xavier Coumoul, Chantal Julia, Emmanuelle Kesse-Guyot, Benjamin Allès, Léopold K Fezeu, Serge Hercberg, Mélanie Deschasaux-Tanguy, Emmanuel Cosson, Sopio Tatulashvili, Benoit Chassaing, Bernard Srour e Mathilde Touvier, Food additive emulsifiers and the risk of type 2 diabetes: analysis of data from the NutriNet-Santé prospective cohort study, in The Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology, vol. 12, n. 5, 2024, pp. 339–349, DOI:10.1016/S2213-8587(24)00086-X.

Bibliografia

  • Srinivasan Damodaran, Kirk L. Parkin e Owen R. Fennema, Fennema's Food Chemistry, 4ª ed., CRC Press, 2008, ISBN 0-8493-9272-1.

Voci correlate

  Portale Chimica: il portale della scienza della composizione, delle proprietà e delle trasformazioni della materia

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