IBM Roadrunner

IBM Roadrunner
computer
Immagine di alcuni rack che compongono il sistema
TipoSupercomputer
ProduttoreIBM, Stati Uniti
Presentazioneoperativo nel 2008, completamento finale nel 2009
Prezzo di lancio133.000.000$
CPU12,960 IBM PowerXCell 8i CPUs, 6,480 AMD Opteron dual-core processors
Frequenza1.7 PetaFLOPS (di picco)
RAM di serie103.6 TiB
SO di serieLinux
Consumo3.9 MW
Sito webwww.lanl.gov/roadrunner/
Modifica dati su Wikidata · Manuale

Roadrunner è un supercomputer sviluppato nei Los Alamos National Laboratory nel Nuovo Messico. Nel momento in cui è stato presentato era il sistema più veloce del pianeta. Il computer è stato sviluppato per produrre 1.6 PetaFLOPS di picco e durante dei test eseguiti nel giugno del 2008 ha raggiunto il PetaFLOPS di calcoli in virgola mobile durante l'esecuzione dei test Linpack.[1]

IBM ha sviluppato il sistema in collaborazione con l'US Department of Energy. Il sistema è un computer ibrido basato su 7000 processori AMD Opteron e su 13000 processori PowerCell 8i, dei processori derivati dal processore Cell. Il processore è in grado di eseguire 2 operazioni a 64 bit in virgola mobile per unità funzionale a differenza del Cell che esegue 4 operazioni su 32 bit per unità funzionale. Il sistema utilizza delle connessioni InfiniBand per collegare le varie componenti.

Roadrunner utilizza come sistema operativo Red Hat Enterprise Linux, il sistema occupa circa 1100 metri quadrati, consuma 3.9 MegaWatt di potenza ed è diventato operativo a fine 2008. Il costo del sistema completo è di 133 milioni di dollari.[2] L'US Department of Energy prevede di utilizzare il sistema per simulare l'invecchiamento dell'arsenale nucleare al fine di evitare test nucleari sotterranei. Altri utilizzi del computer includono simulazioni scientifiche, finanziarie, aerospaziali e legate all'industria dell'automobile.

Componenti del sistema [3]

TriBlade

Le schede TriBlade sono l'elemento base del sistema e sono composte da quattro Opteron, quattro PowerXCell 8i e 16 GB di memoria RAM per tipo di processore.[3]

Fisicamente la scheda è formata da una scheda LS21 Opteron e da due schede QS22 Cell. La scheda LS21 ha due Opteron dual core con 16 GB di memoria, quindi 4 GB per core. Ogni scheda QS22 ha due processori PowerXCell con 8 GB di memoria e quindi 4 Gb di memoria per processore, come i processori Opteron. Una scheda di espansione collega le due schede QS22 alla scheda LS21 tramite una connessione PCI x8 e fornisce la connessione al sistema Infiniband 4 DDR. Ogni scheda TriBlade occupa quattro slot in un sistema blade, tre per i processori e uno per la scheda di connessione. Ogni sistema BladeCenter H può contenere tre schede TriBlade.

Connected Unit (CU)

Una connection unit è formata da 60 BladeCenter e quindi da 180 schede TriBlade. Tutte le TriBlade sono collegate a uno switch Infiniband da 288 porte. Ogni CU inoltre ha un accesso al gestore del file system Panasas.[3]

Ogni CU contiene:

  • 360 dual-core Opterons con 2.88 TB RAM
  • 720 PowerXCell cores con 2.88 TB RAM
  • 12 System x3655 con dual 10GBit Ethernet
  • 288-port Voltaire ISR2012 switch con 192 connessioni Infiniband 4x DDR (180 TriBlades e le altre per l'I/O)

Roadrunner

Il sistema completo è formato da 18 CU collegati tramite otto switch aggiuntivi. Ogni CU è collegata tramite dodici connessioni e in totale il sistema ha 96 connessioni.[3]

Specifiche del sistema completo:

  • 6480 dual-core Opterons con 51.8 TB RAM (su 3,240 schede LS21)
  • 12960 Cell core con 51.8 TB RAM (su 6,480 schede QS22)
  • 216 System x3655 nodi di I/O
  • 26 ISR2012 Infiniband 4x DDR con 288 porte
  • 296 rack

Dismissione

Nell'aprile del 2013 i Los Alamos National Laboratory hanno dichiarato di aver dismesso il computer dall'uso operativo. Il sistema è stato dismesso per via dell'elevato costo di mantenimento. Per gli standard del 2013 il Roadrunner era un sistema molto inefficiente dal punto di vista energetico.[4]

Note

  1. ^ Military supercomputer sets record - CNET, su web.archive.org, 15 febbraio 2019. URL consultato il 26 febbraio 2024 (archiviato dall'url originale il 15 febbraio 2019).
  2. ^ Roadrunner: supercomputer da oltre un petaFLOP al secondo, su hwupgrade.it, Hardware Upgrade, 9 giugno 2008. URL consultato il 9 giugno 2008.
  3. ^ a b c d RR Seminar - System Overview (PDF), su lanl.gov, Los Alamos National Laboratory, 13 marzo 2008. URL consultato il 31 maggio 2008 (archiviato dall'url originale il 23 ottobre 2013).
  4. ^ http://www.tomshw.it/cont/news/supercomputer-roadrunner-fare-un-petaflops-costa-troppo/44448/1.html, su tomshw.it, www.tomswh.it, 2-4-2013. URL consultato il 2-4-2013 (archiviato dall'url originale il 5 aprile 2013).

Altri progetti

Collegamenti esterni

  Portale Informatica: accedi alle voci di Wikipedia che trattano di informatica

Read other articles:

دوري ساموا لكرة القدم 2017

هذه المقالة يتيمة إذ تصل إليها مقالات أخرى قليلة جدًا. فضلًا، ساعد بإضافة وصلة إليها في مقالات متعلقة بها. (نوفمبر 2019) دوري ساموا لكرة القدم 2017 تفاصيل الموسم دوري ساموا لكرة القدم  البلد ساموا  دوري ساموا لكرة القدم 2016  دوري ساموا لكرة القدم 2018  تعديل مصدري - تعديل &#...

 

عمار بلميلي

هذه المقالة يتيمة إذ تصل إليها مقالات أخرى قليلة جدًا. فضلًا، ساعد بإضافة وصلة إليها في مقالات متعلقة بها. (أغسطس 2021) عمار بلميلي معلومات شخصية تاريخ الميلاد سنة 1967  تاريخ الوفاة 10 أغسطس 2021 (53–54 سنة)  مواطنة الجزائر  الحياة العملية المهنة فنان كوميدي  تعديل مصدري...

 

Vigneux-de-Bretagne

Pour les articles homonymes, voir Vigneux. Vigneux-de-Bretagne Le parc du château de la Bretonnière. Administration Pays France Région Pays de la Loire Département Loire-Atlantique Arrondissement Châteaubriant-Ancenis Intercommunalité Communauté de communes d'Erdre et Gesvres Maire Mandat Gwënola Franco 2021-2026 Code postal 44360 Code commune 44217 Démographie Populationmunicipale 6 480 hab. (2021 ) Densité 119 hab./km2 Géographie Coordonnées 47° 19′ ...

Kepulauan Cook

Kepulauan CookCook Islands (Inggris) Kūki 'Āirani (Maori Kep. Cook) Bendera Lambang Semboyan: —Lagu kebangsaan: Te Atua Mou E(Indonesia: Tuhan Pemilik Kebenaran) Ibu kota(dan kota terbesar)Avarua21°12′S 159°46′W / 21.200°S 159.767°W / -21.200; -159.767Bahasa resmiInggrisMaori dialek Cook (termasuk bahasa Pukapuka)PemerintahanMonarki konstitusional• Raja Inggris Charles III• Perwakilan Raja Tom Marsters• Perdana Menteri Mark Br...

 

Dodge Polara

Motor vehicle Dodge Polara1973 Dodge Polara 2-door hardtopOverviewManufacturerDodge (Chrysler)Model years1960–1973Body and chassisClassFull-size (1960–1961, 1965–1973)Mid-size (1962–1964)LayoutFR layoutChronologyPredecessorDodge Coronet (full-size 1959)SuccessorDodge Monaco The Dodge Polara is an automobile introduced in the United States for the 1960 model year as Dodge's top-of-the-line full-size car. After the introduction of the Dodge Custom 880 in 1962, the Polara nameplate...

 

Jipsin

Jipsin Jipsin (짚신) adalah jenis sepatu tradisional Korea yang terbuat dari jerami.[1][2] Istilah jipsin juga diberikan untuk sepatu tradisional yang terbuat dari bahan kain dan rami. Jipsin diperkirakan telah dikenakan oleh orang Korea sejak zaman Tiga Kerajaan (37 SM-668- M).[1] Dalam beberapa lukisan kuno, sering digambarkan seorang pengelana yang bepergian menggantungkan sepatu jerami di punggung. Pada masa Dinasti Joseon (1397-1910) sebagian besar rakyat menjad...

House of Vasa

Early modern royal house in Sweden This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.Find sources: House of Vasa – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (January 2021) (Learn how and when to remove this message) House of VasaVasaättenWazowie VazosRoyal houseRoyal canting coat of arms of Vasa,depicting a sheaf, the na...

 

List of Saint Seiya Episode.G chapters

The inside cover of volume 7 of Episode.G, displaying the protagonist, Leo Aiolia, along with most of the Titans The manga Saint Seiya Episode.G, written and illustrated by Megumu Okada, is a spin-off's side-story and derivative work of Masami Kurumada's Saint Seiya. The story is set seven years before the events of Saint Seiya[1] and depicts the battle of the Gold Saints, ultimate warriors who fight for Peace and Justice in the name of the Goddess Athena, to protect the Earth from t...

 

François Ewald

French philosopher François Ewald François (Robert) Ewald (born 29 April 1946, in Boulogne-Billancourt) is a French philosopher. An assistant to Michel Foucault in the 1970s, he has overseen the publication of much of Foucault's literary estate. Ewald's own work has applied Foucault's notion of governmentality to a history of the welfare state.[1] Life Ewald studied philosophy at the Sorbonne in the mid-1960s. After the events of May 1968, he joined the Maoist Gauche prolétarienne ...

West Milwaukee

Questa voce sull'argomento centri abitati del Wisconsin è solo un abbozzo. Contribuisci a migliorarla secondo le convenzioni di Wikipedia. Segui i suggerimenti del progetto di riferimento. West Milwaukeevillage(EN) West Milwaukee, Wisconsin West Milwaukee – Veduta LocalizzazioneStato Stati Uniti Stato federato Wisconsin ConteaMilwaukee TerritorioCoordinate43°00′52″N 87°58′24″W / 43.014444°N 87.973333°W43.014444; -87.973333 (West Milwaukee)Coord...

 

Australian cricket team in England in 1902

International cricket tour Cricket seriesAustralian cricket team in England in 1902Part of 1902 English cricket seasonDate5 May 1902 – 17 September 1902LocationUnited KingdomResultAustralia won the 5-Test series 2–1Teams Australia  EnglandCaptainsJoe Darling Archie MacLarenMost runsC. Hill (258)V.T. Trumper (247) F.S. Jackson (311)J.T. Tyldesley (245)A.C. MacLaren (198)Most wicketsH. Trumble (26)J.V. Saunders (18)M.A. Noble (14) W. Rhodes (22)W.H. Lockwood (17)← → Joe Darlin...

 

Філософія

Частина серії проФілософіяLeft to right: Plato, Kant, Nietzsche, Buddha, Confucius, AverroesПлатонКантНіцшеБуддаКонфуційАверроес Філософи Епістемологи Естетики Етики Логіки Метафізики Соціально-політичні філософи Традиції Аналітична Арістотелівська Африканська Близькосхідна іранська Буддій�...

Comedy film

Genre of film which emphasizes humour Comedic actor Buster Keaton (left) struggling with a wrecked Model T car in The Blacksmith, a 1922 short comedy film A comedy film is a film genre that emphasizes humor. These films are designed to amuse audiences and make them laugh.[1] Films in this genre typically have a happy ending, with dark comedy being an exception to this rule. Comedy is one of the oldest genres in film, and it is derived from classical comedy in theatre. Some of the earl...

 

Malika Ménard

French beauty pageant titleholder Malika MénardMénard in Caen in 2010Born (1987-07-14) 14 July 1987 (age 36)[1]Rennes, FranceEducationUniversity of Caen NormandyOccupationsModeltelevision presenterHeight1.76 m (5 ft 9+1⁄2 in)Beauty pageant titleholderTitleMiss Calvados 2009Miss Normandy 2009Miss France 2010Hair colourBrownEye colourBlueMajorcompetition(s)Miss France 2010(Winner)Miss Universe 2010(Top 15) Malika Ménard (born 14 July 1987) is a French model,...

 

ديريك شيلبي

هذه المقالة يتيمة إذ تصل إليها مقالات أخرى قليلة جدًا. فضلًا، ساعد بإضافة وصلة إليها في مقالات متعلقة بها. (أبريل 2019) ديريك شيلبي   معلومات شخصية الميلاد 4 مارس 1989 (35 سنة)  هيوستن  مواطنة الولايات المتحدة  الطول 74 بوصة  الوزن 280 رطل  الحياة العملية المدرسة الأم ج�...

العلاقات السودانية البوليفية

العلاقات السودانية البوليفية السودان بوليفيا   السودان   بوليفيا تعديل مصدري - تعديل   العلاقات السودانية البوليفية هي العلاقات الثنائية التي تجمع بين السودان وبوليفيا.[1][2][3][4][5] مقارنة بين البلدين هذه مقارنة عامة ومرجعية للدولتين: وجه ال...

 

David S. Touretzky

American computer scientist David S. TouretzkyDavid S. Touretzky in 2007BornUnited StatesNationalityAmericanAlma materRutgers University, B.A., 1978Carnegie Mellon University, Ph.D., 1984Known forCriticism of Scientology, free speech activismAwardsDistinguished Scientist, Association for Computing Machinery, 2006Scientific careerFieldsArtificial intelligence, computational neuroscienceInstitutionsCarnegie Mellon University David S. Touretzky is a research professor in the Computer S...

 

3LCD

This article needs to be updated. Please help update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information. (February 2017) LCD projection color image generation technology The 3LCD Logo 3LCD is the name and brand of a major LCD projection color image generation technology used in modern digital projectors. 3LCD technology was developed and refined by Japanese imaging company Epson in the 1980s and was first licensed for use in projectors in 1988. In January 1989, Epson launche...

Carlos I de España

Carlos I de España y V del Sacro Imperio Romano Germánico Emperador del Sacro Imperio Romano Germánico, rey de España, Nápoles, Sicilia y Cerdeña, duque de Borgoña, soberano de los Países Bajos y archiduque de Austria Retrato de Carlos V sentado atribuido a Lambert Sustris y a Tiziano (c. 1548). Óleo sobre lienzo, 205 x 122 cm. Pinacoteca Antigua de Múnich.Rey de España, Sicilia y Cerdeñajunto a Juana I hasta 1555 14 de marzo de 1516-16 de enero de 1556Predecesor Juana ...

 

Steve Purcell

Steve Purcell nel 2008 Steve Purcell (Fresno, 2 ottobre 1961) è un fumettista, disegnatore e regista statunitense noto soprattutto come creatore dei personaggi a fumetti Sam & Max, Freelance Police, un duo di investigatori privati composto da un cane ed un coniglio. Presso la California College of Arts and Crafts nel 1980 Sam & Max apparvero in formato stampato per la prima volta e nel 1987 apparve il primo vero e proprio fumetto Sam & Max da 32 pagine. Nell'ambito di una produzi...