Hofsjökull

Hofsjökull
Il Monte Arnarfell hið mikla (Grande Aquila) al centro, il ghiacciaio Múlajökull a sinistra e il ghiacciaio Þjórsárjökull a destra.
StatoIslanda (bandiera) Islanda
RegioneSuðurland, Norðurland vestra
CatenaAltopiani d'Islanda
Coordinate64°49′N 18°49′W
Tipocappa di ghiaccio
Corso d'acqua alimentatoÞjórsá
Altitudine1 765 m s.l.m.
Superficie925 km²
Mappa di localizzazione
Mappa di localizzazione: Islanda
Hofsjökull
Hofsjökull
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Hofsjökull è il terzo ghiacciaio per estensione in Islanda dopo il Vatnajökull e il Langjökull e si trova in posizione intermedia tra i due grandi ghiacciai. È il più grande vulcano attivo dell'isola.[1]

Caratteristiche

Aspetto del ghiacciaio in estate

Ricopre un'area di 925 km² e il suo punto più alto raggiunge la quota di 1765 metri.[2][3] Dal ghiacciaio discendono diversi fiumi, incluso il Þjórsá, il fiume più lungo del paese.[4]

È situato a ovest della regione degli Altopiani d'Islanda e a ovest della catena montuosa Kerlingarfjöll, tra i due grandi ghiacciai dell'Islanda.

Nel 2015, la massa di ghiaccio del Hofsjökull è aumentato per la prima volta dopo oltre venti anni.[5]

Vulcanismo

Il vulcano subglaciale è del tipo a scudo con una caldera vulcanica che è stata recentemente individuata.[6]

La caldera è visibile sulle immagini satellitari ed è rilevabile durante le misurazioni di profondità sul ghiaccio. C'è anche una considerevole attività sismica su piccola scala, il che indica che lì sotto c'è una camera magmatica attiva. Non si sa quando la caldera si sia formata, né quando sia avvenuta l'ultima grande eruzione. Diverse piccole emissioni laviche si sono verificate sulle pendici dell'Hofsjökull in tempi moderni (ovvero negli ultimi 10.000 anni). I crateri sono ora ricoperti dai ghiacciai, ma le lingue di lava si estendono dal bordo del ghiacciaio e testimoniano queste eruzioni.

Turismo

Poco a sud di questo ghiacciaio c'è Kerlingarfjöll, una località conosciuta per la possibilità di praticare lo sci estivo.

Note

  1. ^ Thordarson & Hoskuldsson, p. 72
  2. ^ (IS) Landfræðilegar upplýsingar um Ísland (Informazioni geografiche sull'Islanda), su lmi.is. URL consultato il 31 ottobre 2005 (archiviato dall'url originale il 3 novembre 2004).
  3. ^ National Land Survey of Iceland, National Land Survey of Iceland – Geographical information, 2001. URL consultato il 14 agosto 2008 (archiviato dall'url originale il 6 aprile 2010)./
  4. ^ Thordarson & Hoskuldsson, p. 83
  5. ^ Hofsjökull ice cap gains mass
  6. ^ Thordarson & Hoskuldsson, p. 29

Bibliografia

  • Thor Thordurson e Armann Hoskuldsson, Classic Geology in Europe 3: Iceland, Harpenden, England, Terra Publishing, 2002, ISBN 1-903544-06-8.

Voci correlate

Altri progetti

Collegamenti esterni

Controllo di autoritàVIAF (EN) 2265152139978011100006
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