Hemorrhois hippocrepis

Come leggere il tassoboxProgetto:Forme di vita/Come leggere il tassobox
Come leggere il tassobox
Colubro ferro di cavallo
Hemorrhois hippocrepis
Stato di conservazione
Rischio minimo[1]
Classificazione scientifica
DominioEukaryota
RegnoAnimalia
PhylumChordata
ClasseReptilia
OrdineSquamata
SottordineSerpentes
FamigliaColubridae
GenereHemorrhois
SpecieH. hippocrepis
Nomenclatura binomiale
Hemorrhois hippocrepis
Linnaeus, 1758
Sinonimi

Coluber hippocrepis, Coluber domesticus, Natrix hippocrepis, Periops hippocrepis, Coluber diadema, Calopeltis hippocrepis, Zamenis hippocrepis, Haemorrhois hippocrepis

Nomi comuni

Colubro ferro di cavallo, colubro sardo

Sottospecie
  • H. h. hippocrepis
  • H. h. nigrescens

Il colubro ferro di cavallo (Hemorrhois hippocrepis Linnaeus, 1758), anche detto colubro sardo, è un serpente della famiglia dei colubridi diffuso nei paesi attorno al mar Mediterraneo occidentale.

Descrizione

La specie può raggiungere i 150 cm, talvolta li supera abbondantemente con lunghezze record, sfiorando i 170 cm (maschio) e 180 cm (femmina). Si tratta di un animale molto slanciato, con testa chiaramente distinta dal tronco, e dotata di occhi relativamente grandi, con la pupilla rotonda. Sul colore di fondo verde oliva e giallastro, o anche bruno-rossastra, spiccano, sul dorso, delle chiazze tondeggianti di colore scuro, bordate di nero (spesso sono chiazze completamente nere), non riscontrabili in altre specie, che possono far apparire il serpente in prevalenza nerastro. Inoltre, anche sui fianchi sono presenti, in scala minore, delle punteggiature scure, mentre ancora, il ventre è giallastro tendente all’arancione. Il capo presenta 2-4 barre scure trasversali che assumono la forma di un ferro di cavallo.

Distribuzione e habitat

Si trova in Marocco, Algeria, Tunisia, Portogallo, Gibilterra, Spagna ed Italia. In Italia vive sull'isola di Pantelleria e nella Sardegna centro-meridionale, dove è raro[1][2].

Vive in zone aride e rocciose: macchia mediterranea, pianure costiere, pascoli, vigneti, oliveti e aree rurali[1].

Sottospecie

Sono riconosciute 2 sottospecie[2]:

  • Hemorrhois hippocrepis hippocrepis (Linnaeus, 1758)
  • Hemorrhois hippocrepis nigrescens (Cattaneo, 1985) - Pantelleria

Minacce e conservazione

È danneggiato localmente dagli investimenti di autoveicoli. In Nordafrica è a volte utilizzato dagli incantatori di serpenti. È inserito nell'Allegato II della Convenzione di Berna[1].

Note

  1. ^ a b c d (EN) Jose Antonio Mateo Miras et al. 2008, Hemorrhois hippocrepis, su IUCN Red List of Threatened Species, Versione 2020.2, IUCN, 2020.
  2. ^ a b Hemorrhois hippocrepis (Linnaeus, 1758), in The Reptile Database. URL consultato il 17 aprile 2011.

Voci correlate

Altri progetti

Collegamenti esterni

  • http://www.euroherp.com/species/Hemorrhois_hippocrepis/5/[collegamento interrotto]
  • http://www.herp.it/indexjs.htm?SpeciesPages/ColubHippo.htm
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