H 3 (sommergibile Italia)

H 3
Descrizione generale
Tiposommergibile costiero
ClasseH
Proprietà Regia Marina
CantiereElectric Boat Company, Montréal[1]
Impostazione1916
Varo24 giugno 1916
Entrata in servizio1916
Radiazionemaggio 1937
Destino finaledemolito
Caratteristiche generali
Dislocamento in immersione474 t
Dislocamento in emersione360 t
Lunghezza45,8 m
Larghezza4,65 m
Pescaggio3,76 m
Profondità operativa80 m
Propulsionedue motori diesel da 490 CV, due motori elettrici da 600 CV; due eliche
Velocità in immersione 11 nodi
Velocità in emersione 12 nodi
Autonomiain superficie 3300 miglia marine a 7 nodi
in immersione: 1200 miglia marine alla velocità di 3,5 nodi
Equipaggio2 ufficiali, 25 sottufficiali e marinai
Armamento
Artiglieria1 cannone AA da 76/30 mm
Siluri4 tubi lanciasiluri da 450 mm
dati tratti da www.betasom.it - Classe H e da Uomini sul fondo di Giorgio Giorgerini
voci di sommergibili presenti su Wikipedia

L'H 3 è stato un sommergibile della Regia Marina.

Storia

Una volta terminate la costruzione e le prove, il sommergibile salpò da Halifax al comando del tenente di vascello Goffredo di Palma, attraversò l'Oceano Atlantico ed attraccò infine a Cagliari[2].

Inquadrato nella «Squadriglia Sommergibili H», fu dislocato a Brindisi, operando nel Basso Adriatico, specie davanti a Cattaro e Durazzo, svolgendo in tutto 20 missioni offensive prive di risultati[2].

Il 2 ottobre 1918 l'H 3, insieme a diversi altri sommergibili italiani, francesi ed inglesi, venne dislocato nelle acque tra Durazzo e Cattaro in appoggio ad un'operazione di bombardamento navale ed attacco di MAS contro Durazzo[3].

Nel 1925 il fu impiegato per la sperimentazione di un apparato progettato dal maggiore del Genio Navale Pericle Ferretti: tale strumento era un precursore dello snorkel, e consentiva la navigazione in immersione per tempi ben più lunghi del consueto, e con l'uso della propulsione Diesel[4]. Per questo l'H 3 ricevette – nell'aprile 1926 –, mentre si trovava in Libia, anche la visita di Benito Mussolini[4]. La sperimentazione dell'apparecchiatura di Ferretti proseguì sino al 1927 evolvendo nell'apparecchio «ML» (la cui produzione fu però bloccata negli anni trenta, così che la Regia Marina entrò nella seconda guerra mondiale senza nessun apparato di questo tipo)[4].

Nel resto degli anni venti il sommergibile fu impiegato per esercitazioni ed attività di addestramento[2].

Nel 1931 l'H 3 fu ridislocato a La Spezia e quindi assegnato all'Accademia Navale di Livorno, per la quale svolse missioni di addestramento e partecipò ad esercitazioni sino al maggio 1937, data della sua radiazione[2]. Fu successivamente demolito.

Note

  1. ^ Trentoincina
  2. ^ a b c d Sommergibili classe H
  3. ^ Franco Favre, La Marina nella Grande Guerra. Le operazioni navali, aeree, subacquee e terrestri in Adriatico, p. 255
  4. ^ a b c Giorgio Giorgerini, Uomini sul fondo. Storia del sommergibilismo italiano dalle origini a oggi, pp. da 126 a 128
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