Giovanni IV di Grado

Giovanni IV
patriarca della Chiesa cattolica
Incarichi ricopertiPatriarca di Grado (766 - 802)
 
NatoVIII secolo
Deceduto802 a Grado
 
Manuale

Giovanni (VIII secolo – Grado, 802) è stato un patriarca cattolico italiano.

Biografia

Secondo l'Origo civitatum Italiae seu Venetiarum sarebbe stato di origine triestina, ma di lui non si hanno notizie precedenti al 766, quando succedette a Vitaliano sulla cattedra di Grado, principale sede vescovile del Ducato di Venezia.

Giovanni si ritrovò a gestire una situazione assolutamente difficile: dal punto di vista ecclesiastico si era nel pieno dello scontro con il patriarcato di Aquileia, che rivendicava il ruolo di sede metropolitana della Venetia et Histria; da quello politico la Laguna attraversava un periodo di grave instabilità, dovuta in particolare alla decadenza dei Longobardi a favore dei Franchi.

In un'epistola inviata a papa Stefano III, Giovanni descrisse il clima di violenza e prevaricazione in cui viveva la sua Chiesa, vessata dai Longobardi, e di come stentasse a imporre la propria autorità sulle diocesi e i monasteri istriani, che approfittavano di questo momento di difficoltà per emanciparsi. Il pontefice rispose chiamando i vescovi istriani a rimettersi alle dipendenze dal patriarca, ma l'ordine venne sostanzialmente ignorato. L'arrivo dei Franchi non fece che aggravare questa situazione, poiché con l'amministrazione carolingia le diocesi assunsero sempre maggiori poteri e autonomia anche dal punto vista temporale.

Vero è che Giovanni stesso fu l'artefice di un'assidua, e probabilmente segreta, attività diplomatica in Istria, creando contatti specialmente con la nobiltà locale. Dei suoi risultati furono al corrente sia il papa (a Stefano era succeduto frattanto Adriano I), sia Carlo Magno ed ebbe probabilmente l'appoggio del doge Giovanni Galbaio e di suo figlio Maurizio, coreggente.

I rapporti con il doge, tuttavia, si guastarono dopo poco tempo. Giovanni, infatti, si orientò sempre più verso una politica filo-franca, in contrasto con le aspirazioni autonomistiche dei Galbai. Non è un caso, quindi, se il patriarca si oppose alla nomina del greco Cristoforo a vescovo di Olivolo, attorno al 798 circa.

La vendetta dei Galbai si compì qualche tempo dopo: nell'802 Grado fu raggiunta da una flotta capeggiata dal coreggente Maurizio; mentre la città veniva messa a ferro e fuoco, Giovanni fu catturato e fatto precipitare da una torre del castrum in cui risiedeva. Secondo le fonti più antiche venne sepolto nella cattedrale di Sant'Eufemia, mentre Andrea Dandolo colloca la sua tomba nella basilica di San Marco.

Gli succedette il nipote Fortunato (ebbe il pallio nell'803) che ne perseguì la linea politica.

Bibliografia

  • Andrea Bedina, GIOVANNI, in Dizionario biografico degli italiani, vol. 55, Roma, Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana, 2001. URL consultato il 29 ottobre 2013. Modifica su Wikidata
  • Andrea Bedina, Giovanni Galbaio, in Dizionario biografico degli italiani, vol. 56, Roma, Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana, 2001. URL consultato il 29 ottobre 2013.
  • Mutinelli, Fabio: Lessico Veneto, tipografia Giambattista Andreola, Venezia, 1852.
  • Romanin, Samuele: Storia documentata di Venezia, Pietro Naratovich tipografo editore, Venezia, 1853.

Predecessore Patriarca di Grado Successore
Vitaliano 766 - 802 Fortunato
  Portale Biografie

Read other articles:

Calceranica al Lago

Questa voce o sezione sull'argomento centri abitati del Trentino-Alto Adige non cita le fonti necessarie o quelle presenti sono insufficienti. Puoi migliorare questa voce aggiungendo citazioni da fonti attendibili secondo le linee guida sull'uso delle fonti. Calceranica al Lagocomune Calceranica al Lago – VedutaCalceranica vista da Tenna LocalizzazioneStato Italia Regione Trentino-Alto Adige Provincia Trento AmministrazioneSindacoCristian Uez (lista civica Calceranica...

 

Faisal II dari Irak

Faisal IIRaja IrakBerkuasa4 April 1939 – 14 Juli 1958(19 tahun, 101 hari)PendahuluGhazi IPenerusMuhammad Najib ar-Ruba'i (sebagai Presiden Irak)WaliAbd al-Ilah dari HejazInformasi pribadiPemakamanRoyal Mausoleum, AdhamiyahWangsaHashemiteAyahGhazi IIbuPutri Aliya binti AliAgamaIslam Sunni[1] Faishal II GCVO (Arab: الملك فيصل الثانيcode: ar is deprecated ; 2 Mei 1935 – 14 Juli 1958) ialah Raja Irak yang memerintah antara tahun 1939 hingga 1958....

 

The Paperboy (novel)

1995 novel by Pete Dexter The Paperboy First editionAuthorPete DexterCountryUnited StatesLanguageEnglishGenreNovelPublisherRandom HousePublication date1995Media typePrint (hardback & paperback)ISBN0-385-31572-4 The Paperboy is a 1995 novel published by American author Pete Dexter. Plot Hillary Van Wetter was jailed for the murder of an unscrupulous local sheriff, Thurmond Call. Call had previously stomped Wetter's handcuffed cousin to death. Wetter is now on death row and awaiting ex...

Inez and Vinoodh

Dutch fashion photographer duo A major contributor to this article appears to have a close connection with its subject. It may require cleanup to comply with Wikipedia's content policies, particularly neutral point of view. Please discuss further on the talk page. (April 2023) (Learn how and when to remove this template message) Vinoodh Matadin and Inez van Lamsweerde in June 2011 Inez van Lamsweerde (born 25 September 1963) and Vinoodh Matadin (born 29 September 1961) are a Dutch-American fa...

 

كأس الاتحاد الإنجليزي 1999–2000

كأس الاتحاد الإنجليزي 1999–2000 تفاصيل الموسم كأس الاتحاد الإنجليزي  النسخة 119  البلد المملكة المتحدة  المنظم الاتحاد الإنجليزي لكرة القدم  البطل نادي تشيلسي  كأس الاتحاد الإنجليزي 1998–99  كأس الاتحاد الإنجليزي 2000–01  تعديل مصدري - تعديل   كأس الاتحاد الإنج...

 

Moodyz

Untuk kegunaan lain, lihat Moody's (disambiguasi). MoodyzIndustriPornografiDidirikan2000KantorpusatJepangProdukFilm pornoIndukHokuto CorporationSitus webwww.moodyz.com Moodyz (ムーディーズcode: ja is deprecated , Mūdīzu), juga dikenal sebagai Mr. President,[1] adalah salah satu produsen film dewasa terbesar di Jepang.[2] Informasi perusahaan Situs web Moodyz, www.moodyz.com, diluncurkan pada Maret 2000[3] dan perusahaan tersebut merilis video-video perdananya p...

Young Love (Jedward album)

2012 studio album by JedwardYoung LoveStudio album by JedwardReleased22 June 2012RecordedJanuary–March 2012GenrePop, teen pop, synthpopLength43:03LabelUniversal Music IrelandProducerDeekay, Dan Priddy, Duck & Paddy, Trinity, Rob Wells, Reflection Music, DBH, Matt Marston, Will SimmsJedward chronology Victory(2011) Young Love(2012) Voice of a Rebel(2019) Singles from Young Love WaterlineReleased: 24 February 2012 Young LoveReleased: 15 June 2012 LuminousReleased: 12 October 2012...

 

The Visual Novel Database

Internet database of visual novels The Visual Novel DatabaseHomepage of the vndb in May 2023Type of siteDatabase Internet forum Review aggregatorAvailable inEnglishURLvndb.orgRegistrationOptionalUsers240,616 (as for December, 2023)[1]LaunchedSeptember 2007Current statusActive The Visual Novel Database (rendered as vndb or VNDB) is an online database, wiki and Internet forum for visual novels. As of 2019, the VNDB had catalogued a total of 24,000 visual novels, and its forum ...

 

Западный округ (Краснодар)

У этого термина существуют и другие значения, см. Западный округ. Западный внутригородской округ город Краснодар Дата основания 1936 год Дата упразднения 1994 Прежние имена Кагановичский, Ленинский районы Микрорайоны Дубинка, Черёмушки, Покровка Площадь 22[1]  км² Насе...

拉尔·巴哈杜尔·夏斯特里

拉尔·巴哈杜尔·夏斯特里第二任印度总理任期1964年6月9日—1966年1月11日总统薩瓦帕利·拉達克里希南前任古爾扎里拉爾·南達继任古爾扎里拉爾·南達印度外交部長任期1964年6月9日—1964年7月18日总理自己前任古爾扎里拉爾·南達继任斯瓦倫·辛格（英语：Swaran Singh）印度內政部長任期1961年4月4日—1963年8月29日总理賈瓦哈拉爾·尼赫魯前任戈文德·巴拉布·潘特（英语：Govind Balla...

 

حكومة مضر بدران الرابعة

حكومة مضر بدران الرابعةحكومة زيد بن شاكر الأولىحكومة طاهر المصريتعديل - تعديل مصدري - تعديل ويكي بياناتجزء من سلسلة مقالات سياسة الأردنالأردن الدستور الدستور حقوق الإنسان الملكية الملك عبد الله الثاني ولي العهد السلطة التنفيذية السلطة التنفيذية رؤساء وزراء السلطة التشر�...

 

达维德·别利亚夫斯基

达维德·别利亚夫斯基Давид Белявский摄于2015年欧洲锦标赛个人资料全名达维德·萨吉托维奇·别利亚夫斯基代表国家 俄羅斯出生 (1992-02-23) 1992年2月23日（32歲） 俄羅斯乌德穆尔特共和国沃特金斯克居住地 俄羅斯叶卡捷琳堡身高1.63米（5英尺4英寸）体重59公斤（130英磅）比赛项目男子竞技体操级别Elite俱乐部Lokomotiv Ekaterinburg助教Valery Alfosov 奖牌记录 賽會 金�...

Reggina Calcio 2011-2012

Voce principale: Reggina Calcio. Reggina CalcioStagione 2011-2012Sport calcio Squadra Reggina Allenatore Roberto Breda, poi Angelo Gregucci, poi Roberto Breda Presidente Pasquale Foti Serie B10º posto Coppa ItaliaTerzo turno Maggiori presenzeCampionato: Rizzato (42)Totale: Rizzato (44) Miglior marcatoreCampionato: Ceravolo (11)Totale: Ceravolo (11) Abbonati3872 Maggior numero di spettatori8.063 vs. Torino (1º novembre 2011) Minor numero di spettatori3.703 vs. Livorno (17 marzo 2012) M...

 

List of heads of state of Panama

President of the Republic of PanamaPresidente de la República de PanamáPresidential standardCoat of arms of PanamaIncumbentLaurentino Cortizosince 1 July 2019ResidencePalacio de las Garzas, Panama CityTerm lengthFive years, renewable once non-consecutivelyPrecursorMartín TorrijosInaugural holderManuel Amador GuerreroFormation20 February 1904DeputyVice President of PanamaSalary7,000 USD per month[1]WebsitePresidencia de la República Politics of Panama Constitution Abortion la...

 

Charitable trust

Irrevocable trust established for charitable purposes Wills, trustsand estates Part of the common law series Wills Legal history of wills Joint wills and mutual wills Will contract Codicil Holographic will Oral will Sections Attestation clause Residuary clause Incorporation by reference Contest Testamentary capacity Undue influence Insane delusion Fraud No-contest clause Property disposition Lapse and anti-lapse Ademption Abatement Satisfaction of legacies Acts of independent significance Ele...

The Tragedy of Macbeth (2021 film)

Film by Joel Coen The Tragedy of MacbethTheatrical release posterDirected byJoel CoenScreenplay byJoel CoenBased onMacbethby William ShakespeareProduced by Joel Coen Frances McDormand Robert Graf Starring Denzel Washington Frances McDormand Bertie Carvel Alex Hassell Corey Hawkins Harry Melling Brendan Gleeson CinematographyBruno DelbonnelEdited by Lucian Johnston Reginald Jaynes Music byCarter BurwellProductioncompanies A24 IAC Films Distributed by Apple TV+ Release dates September 24,&...

 

Éditions Larousse

French publishing house You can help expand this article with text translated from the corresponding article in French. (December 2009) Click [show] for important translation instructions. View a machine-translated version of the French article. Machine translation, like DeepL or Google Translate, is a useful starting point for translations, but translators must revise errors as necessary and confirm that the translation is accurate, rather than simply copy-pasting machine-translated tex...

 

نيلسون أبيخون

نيلسون أبيخون معلومات شخصية الميلاد 21 يوليو 1973 (العمر 50 سنة)مونتيفيديو الطول 1.84 م (6 قدم 1⁄2 بوصة) مركز اللعب وسط الجنسية الأوروغواي  معلومات النادي النادي الحالي نادي سيرو  [لغات أخرى]‏ (مساعد) مسيرة الشباب سنوات فريق ناسيونال مونتيفيديو المسيرة الاحترا...

Соу, Джибриль

В Википедии есть статьи о других людях с такой фамилией, см. Соу. Джибриль Соу Общая информация Полное имя Мухаммед Джибриль Ибрахима Соу Родился 6 февраля 1997(1997-02-06)[1] (27 лет)Цюрих, Швейцария Гражданство Швейцария Рост 184 см Позиция полузащитник Информация о клубе Клуб ...

 

Myrna Loy

American actress (1905–1993) Not to be confused with Mina Loy. Myrna LoyMyrna Loy in 1941BornMyrna Adele Williams(1905-08-02)August 2, 1905Helena, Montana, U.S.DiedDecember 14, 1993(1993-12-14) (aged 88)New York City, U.S.Resting placeForestvale CemeteryHelena, Montana, U.S.46°39′22″N 112°02′11″W / 46.6562°N 112.0365°W / 46.6562; -112.0365Other namesThe Queen of HollywoodOccupationActressYears active1925–1982Political partyDemocrat[1&...