Finex

Il processo Finex è un procedimento per la produzione di ghisa liquida in cui, al contrario di quanto avviene nel processo altoforno, non è necessaria la preparazione della carica mediante sinterizzazione e pellettizzazione, né è necessario l'impiego di carbon coke. Questo processo è essenzialmente una combinazione del letto fluido Finmet e del fusore-gassificatore Corex, da qui il nome.

Principio di funzionamento

Il minerale, essiccato in un impianto a ciclone, viene ridotto a Direct Reduced Iron (DRI) in un reattore a letto fluido multistadio per mezzo di un gas riducente. Il DRI viene poi compattato a Hot Compacted Iron (HRI) ed infine immesso in un fusore-gassificatore, dove viene fuso in ghisa. L'energia necessaria per la fusione e le reazioni metallurgiche viene generata mediante la gassificazione di carbone con ossigeno; il risultante gas di riduzione viene utilizzato nel reattore a letto fluido per la riduzione del minerale. Alla fine del processo vengono spillati ghisa e scoria metallurgica, analogamente a quanto avviene in altoforno. In aggiunta, nel processo Finex, viene prodotto gas con elevato potere calorifico che può essere impiegato nella produzione di energia elettrica o come gas combustibile. Grazie all'utilizzo diretto di carbone e minerale in polvere è possibile evitare l'utilizzo della cokeria e degli impianti di sinterizzazione con sensibili miglioramenti per l'ambiente.

Vantaggi

Si stima che l'eliminazione dei processi preliminari renda la costruzione di un impianto Finex meno costosa rispetto alla realizzazione di un impianto altoforno delle medesime dimensioni. In aggiunta è prevista un'ulteriore riduzione dei costi grazie a: minor costo minerale impiegato, minor costo impianto, riduzione esausti, manutenzione e tempi di produzione. Si stima che il processo produca meno inquinanti come SOx, NOx e anidride carbonica, rispetto ai metodi tradizionali.[senza fonte]

Voci correlate

  Portale Ingegneria: accedi alle voci di Wikipedia che trattano di ingegneria

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