Falco hypoleucos

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Falco grigio
Stato di conservazione
Prossimo alla minaccia (nt)[1]
Classificazione scientifica
DominioEukaryota
RegnoAnimalia
PhylumChordata
ClasseAves
OrdineFalconiformes
FamigliaFalconidae
SottofamigliaFalconinae
GenereFalco
SpecieF. hypoleucos
Nomenclatura binomiale
Falco hypoleucos
Gould, 1841

Il falco grigio (Falco hypoleucos Gould, 1841) è un uccello falconiforme della famiglia dei Falconidi. Questo falco di medie dimensioni non è molto comune ed è uno degli uccelli più «misteriosi» d'Australia, dato che viene avvistato solo raramente.

Descrizione

Questo rapace ha le regioni superiori quasi completamente grigie e quelle inferiori bianche; le estremità delle remiganti sono più scure; la cera è gialla. È lungo 30–45 cm, ha un'apertura alare di 85–95 cm e pesa 350-600 g. Le femmine sono più grandi dei maschi.

Distribuzione e habitat

Il falco grigio è endemico dell'Australia, dove è confinato nelle aride regioni interne. Predilige le distese aperte: praterie di Triodia, boscaglie di Acacia e boschetti di sparuti alberelli adattatisi al clima arido.

Biologia

Si nutre soprattutto di uccelli, in particolar modo di pappagalli, ma anche di piccoli mammiferi, rettili e insetti.

Nidifica sugli alberi, utilizzando nidi di ramoscelli costruiti da altre specie. Ogni covata è composta da 2-3 uova.

Conservazione

Il falco grigio è piuttosto raro: ma sebbene ne rimangano solo 1000 coppie nidificanti, la sua popolazione è stabile. Tuttavia, le minacce del sovrapascolo, che si fa sentire ormai anche nelle zone più aride, e del dissodamento a scopo agricolo incombono anche sul suo habitat isolato.

La IUCN lo classifica tra le specie «prossime alla minaccia», mentre la CITES lo pone nell'Appendice II.

A livello nazionale, la specie non compare sull'elenco delle specie minacciate stilato nel 1999. Nello Stato del Victoria, tuttavia, viene considerato in pericolo di estinzione fin dal 1988[2] e come tale il Governo locale ha preso provvedimenti riguardo alla sua conservazione e il suo futuro recupero[3]. Malgrado i provvedimenti presi, però, nel 2007, sull'elenco dei vertebrati minacciati del Victoria, il falco grigio continuava ad essere classificato come specie in pericolo[4].

Nel Queensland, invece, dove è più numerosa, la specie è considerata rara fin dal 1992[5].

Note

  1. ^ (EN) BirdLife International 2008, Falco hypoleucos, su IUCN Red List of Threatened Species, Versione 2020.2, IUCN, 2020.
  2. ^ Department of Sustainability and Environment, Victoria Archiviato il 18 luglio 2005 in Internet Archive.
  3. ^ Department of Sustainability and Environment, Victoria Archiviato l'11 settembre 2006 in Internet Archive.
  4. ^ Victorian Department of Sustainability and Environment, Advisory List of Threatened Vertebrate Fauna in Victoria - 2007, East Melbourne, Victoria, Department of Sustainability and Environment, 2007, p. 15, ISBN 978-1-74208-039-0.
  5. ^ Queensland Department of Environment and Resource Management [collegamento interrotto], su derm.qld.gov.au.

Bibliografia

  • BirdLife International. (2006). Species factsheet: Falco hypoleucos. Downloaded from https://www.birdlife.org/ on 9/12/2006
  • Marchant, S.; & Higgins, P.J. (Eds). (1993). Handbook of Australian, New Zealand and Antarctic Birds. Vol,2: Raptors to Lapwings. Oxford University Press: Melbourne. ISBN 0-19-553069-1

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