Elisabeth von Matt

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Elisabeth von Matt (1762 – 1814) è stata un'astronoma austriaca.

Attiva tra la fine del XVIII e l'inizio del XIX secolo, è considerata l'unica scienziata donna ad aver pubblicato le sue osservazioni su riviste di astronomia europee durante il periodo.[1] Ha lavorato principalmente nell'astronomia posizionale, documentando gli asteroidi Pallade e Giunone.

Biografia

Elisabeth von Matt (nata Humelauer) era una baronessa che viveva a Vienna. Lì costruì un osservatorio privato e ordinò l'attrezzatura necessaria per osservare il cielo. Le sue osservazioni furono pubblicate in Astronomisches Jahrbuch di Bode e Monatliche Correspondenz di Franz Xaver von Zach.[2] Oltre ai suoi contributi alle misurazioni dell'epoca, von Matt ha sostenuto il progresso nel campo dell'astronomia aprendo all'uso del suo osservatorio a Johann Tobias Bürg, che era il suo mentore, e assistendo nella fornitura di libri e strumenti nella comunità.[3]

Eredità

Il botanico austriaco Josef August Schultes chiamò il genere vegetale Mattia proprio in onore di von Matt nel 1809[4]; lo stesso, tuttavia, ora è elencato come sinonimo di Rindera.[5] Poi, nel 1915, in suo onore fu chiamato anche Mattiastrum, un genere di piante da fiore dell'Asia centrale, appartenente alla famiglia delle Boraginaceae.[6]

Il pianeta minore 9816 von Matt, scoperto nel 1960 da Cornelis Johannes van Houten e I. van Houten-Groeneveld, prende il nome proprio da von Matt.[7] Due strumenti di proprietà di von Matt, un sestante prodotto da Edward Troughton e un cronometro prodotto da John Arnold (orologiaio), sono conservati nella collezione dell'Osservatorio di Vienna presso l' Università di Vienna.[8][9]

Note

  1. ^ Clifford J. Cunningham, Bode's Law and the discovery of Juno : historical studies in asteroid research, 2017, p. 212, ISBN 978-3-319-32875-1, OCLC 989062950. URL consultato il 15 marzo 2023.
  2. ^ (EN) Mary R. S. Creese, Ladies in the Laboratory II: West European Women in Science, 1800-1900 : a Survey of Their Contributions to Research, Scarecrow Press, 2004, pp. 175-176, ISBN 978-0-8108-4979-2. URL consultato il 15 marzo 2023.
  3. ^ (EN) Peter Brosche e Klaralinda Ma-Kircher, ELISABETH VON MATT (1762-1814), AN ENLIGHTENED PRACTITIONER OF ASTRONOMY IN VIENNA<sup>1</sup>, in Journal of Astronomical History and Heritage, vol. 13, n. 03, 1º novembre 2010, pp. 187–193, DOI:10.3724/SP.J.1440-2807.2010.03.03. URL consultato il 15 marzo 2023.
  4. ^ Plant Genera Named After People (1753-1853) (PDF), su edicionesdigitales.info.
  5. ^ (EN) Mattia Schult. | Plants of the World Online | Kew Science, su Plants of the World Online. URL consultato il 15 marzo 2023.
  6. ^ (EN) Mattiastrum (Boiss.) Brand | Plants of the World Online | Kew Science, su Plants of the World Online. URL consultato il 15 marzo 2023.
  7. ^ Small-Body Database Lookup, su ssd.jpl.nasa.gov. URL consultato il 15 marzo 2023.
  8. ^ Claudia Feigl e Daniela Beuren, Academic showcases : the collections at the University of Vienna, 2016, p. 178, ISBN 978-3-205-20064-2, OCLC 935902915. URL consultato il 15 marzo 2023.
  9. ^ Spiegelsextant von Edward Troughton (1753-1835), Nr. 136, su Die Sammlungen an der Universität Wien. URL consultato il 15 marzo 2023 (archiviato dall'url originale il 22 dicembre 2018).

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