Diaghiti

Diaghiti
Luogo d'origineArgentina
Linguakakan
Manuale

I Diaghiti (o anche Diaguitas, Calchaquì, Diaguita-Calchaquí), il cui vero nome etnico è Paccioca o pazioca, sono una popolazione antica che viveva nei territori andini dell'Argentina nord-occidentale (le odierne province di Catamarca, Salta, Tucumán, La Rioja, nord di San Juan, sud-ovest di Santiago del Estero, nord-ovest di Córdoba) e anche nella regione cilena de il Norte Chico (cioè: Atacama e Copiapó).

Storia

I Diaghiti, oggi del tutto scomparsi, avevano una cultura molto simile a quella dei quechua. Parlavano una lingua propria, il kakan ed erano dediti all'agricoltura. Erano abili costruttori e conoscevano la lavorazione dell'oro e dell'argento: notevoli infatti sono le loro lavorazioni in oro e argento martellinati per oggetti destinati a uso di culto o quotidiano.
Nei siti archeologici sono stati rinvenuti numerosi resti di arte funeraria, caratterizzata da decorazioni varie, costituita da tinte vivaci e raffigurazioni di animali, di croci e di spirali o di temi geometrici. Il motivo fondamentale resta però o una figura umana stilizzata oppure il felino.
Di notevole importanza anche la produzione di vasellame, talvolta ispirato al gusto incaico.[1]

Sottogruppi

I Diaghiti erano una popolazione costituita al suo interno da una moltitudine di sottogruppi o tribù. Gli etnologi hanno classificato tutte queste tribù in tre gruppi principali:

  1. I Calchaquies (Cacán, Tocaqui) delle provincia di Salta, Valli di Quimivil e Santa Maria.
  2. I Capayana (Cupayana), delle province di San Juan e La Rioja.
  3. I Diaghiti (il ceppo originale dei Diaghiti).

Elenco delle tribù

Questa è una lista delle tribù dei Diaghiti:

Note

  1. ^ Le Muse, De Agostini, Novara, 1965, Vol.IV, p. 180

Voci correlate

Altri progetti

Collegamenti esterni

Controllo di autoritàLCCN (EN) sh85037513 · BNF (FR) cb13190511n (data) · J9U (EN, HE) 987007550672105171
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