Cniva

Cniva (ante 249 – post 253) è stato un condottiero germanico goto.

Invase l'Impero romano, conquistando la città di Filippopoli e uccidendo nella battaglia di Abrittus (in Bulgaria, nei pressi del Danubio) l'imperatore romano Decio e suo figlio, Erennio Etrusco, che avevano tentato di impedirgli di uscire dai confini imperiali.

Biografia

Invasioni dei Carpi e Goti di Cniva negli anni 249-251.

Cniva iniziò la sua invasione dell'Impero romano quando, attraversato il Danubio, invase la Mesia. Pose poi l'assedio alla città di Nicopoli, dove gli si fece incontro l'esercito romano. I Goti si diressero allora a Filippopoli, inseguiti dai romani. A un certo punto, Cniva invertì la marcia delle sue truppe e piombò di sorpresa sull'accampamento dei romani, sconfiggendoli. Assediò poi Filippopoli, che cadde dopo aver opposto una strenua resistenza: i Goti massacrarono 100 000 persone e fecero molti prigionieri. Dopo numerosi preparativi, l'imperatore Decio cercò di bloccare la ritirata dei Goti verso il Danubio e diede loro battaglia, ma, preso in una sacca, nel 251 fu sconfitto e ucciso insieme al figlio Erennio Etrusco ad Abrittus.

Il nuovo imperatore romano, Treboniano Gallo, permise a Cniva e ai Goti di tornarsene oltre il Danubio col bottino conquistato e accettò di pagare un tributo affinché restassero al di fuori dei confini imperiali.

Di lui si perdono le tracce attorno al 253, ma è plausibile che sia stato lui il re goto che nel 270 invase l'impero, solamente per essere sconfitto ed ucciso da Aureliano.

Bibliografia

Voci correlate

Predecessore Re dei Goti Successore
Filimero ante 249 – post 253 Ariarico
  Portale Antica Roma

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