Carlos Antonio López

Carlos Antonio López
1º Presidente della Repubblica del Paraguay
Durata mandato13 marzo 1844 –
10 settembre 1862
ViceMariano González (1844-1845)
Francisco Solano López (1862)
PredecessoreSé stesso come console
Mariano Roque Alonso
SuccessoreFrancisco Solano López
Console del Paraguay
Durata mandato12 marzo 1841 –
13 marzo 1843
ContitolareMariano Roque Alonso
PredecessoreMariano Roque Alonso
SuccessoreSé stesso come presidente

Carlos Antonio López Ynsfrán (Asunción, 4 novembre 1792 – Asunción, 10 settembre 1862) è stato un politico e avvocato paraguaiano. Fu console, poi presidente del Paraguay dal 1841 fino alla morte.

Tenutosi in disparte dalla vita politica durante la dittatura di José Gaspar Rodríguez de Francia, nel 1841 fu nominato dal tenente Mariano Roque Alonso, di cui era consigliere, segretario del governo militare che assunse il potere dopo la morte del dittatore.

Nello stesso anno López fu eletto dal Congresso console per tre anni assieme ad Alonso (1841-1844). Il 13 marzo 1844 il Congresso si riunì e, ritenendo esauriti i compiti del governo consolare, elesse presidente della Repubblica per dieci anni López, riconfermandolo nel 1854 per tre anni e nel 1857 per altri dieci. Nel 1844 López promulgò la Carta Orgánica e nel 1845 cominciò a pubblicare “El Paraguayo Independiente”, il primo periodico nazionale, redatto quasi completamente da lui.

López ruppe l'isolamento del Paraguay aprendolo al commercio internazionale, modernizzò il Paese incrementando la produzione, costruendo le prime ferrovie, creando una flotta fluviale e industrie siderurgiche. Dotò lo Stato di un Arsenale e di un esercito moderno ed efficiente, con cui partecipò alla “guerra grande” contro il dittatore argentino Juan Manuel de Rosas (1845-1852). Curò l'amministrazione i lavori pubblici e l'istruzione primaria, che rese gratuita e obbligatoria, e conferì la cittadinanza agli indigeni. Per la sua opera riformatrice e potenziatrice, il Paraguay fu definito “la Prussia in potenza” dell'America Latina.

In contrasto con l'operato di Francia, López favorì l'arricchimento e l'ascesa politica della propria famiglia, e designò come proprio successore il figlio Francisco Solano.

Onorificenze

Altri progetti

Collegamenti esterni

Predecessore Console del Paraguay Successore
Creazione del consolato 1841-1844 Abolizione del consolato I
Creazione del consolato 1844-1862 Francisco Solano López II
Controllo di autoritàVIAF (EN) 32052987 · ISNI (EN) 0000 0000 5920 2353 · CERL cnp02009780 · LCCN (EN) n85187145 · GND (DE) 1056734809 · BNE (ES) XX1003837 (data) · BNF (FR) cb12247722j (data) · J9U (EN, HE) 987007339899905171
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