Carlo di Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen

Carlo di Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen
Carlo di Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen in un ritratto del XIX secolo
Principe di Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen
Stemma
Stemma
In carica17 ottobre 1831 –
27 agosto 1848
PredecessoreAntonio Luigi
SuccessoreCarlo Antonio
Nome completoCarlo Antonio Federico Mainardo Fedele di Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen
NascitaSigmaringen, 20 febbraio 1785
MorteBologna, 11 marzo 1853 (68 anni)
DinastiaHohenzollern-Sigmaringen
PadreAntonio Luigi di Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen
MadreAmalia Zefirina di Salm-Kyrburg
ConiugiMaria Antonietta Murat
Caterina di Hohenlohe-Waldenburg-Schillingsfürst
FigliCarolina
Carlo Antonio
Amalia
Federica
ReligioneCattolicesimo

Carlo Antonio Federico Mainardo Fedele di Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen (Sigmaringen, 20 febbraio 1785Bologna, 11 marzo 1853) fu principe di Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen dal 1831 al 1848.

Biografia

Infanzia

Moneta raffigurante Carlo di Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen

Carlo era figlio di Antonio Luigi di Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen e di Amalia Zefirina di Salm-Kyrburg, figlia quest'ultima dell'ultimo principe regnante Filippo Giuseppe. La sua famiglia aveva ascendenze tedesche, olandesi e scozzesi tramite il suo trisavolo, Thomas Bruce, III conte di Elgin.

Napoleone Imperatore

Per evitare la mediatizzazione dello stato di famiglia, da quando Carlo aveva appena dieci mesi sua madre lo abbandonò per recarsi a vivere a Parigi e mediare perennemente perché i diritti della sua casata venissero rispettati. Arrivò persino a pensare di organizzare un matrimonio combinato con Carolina Bonaparte, sorella di Napoleone, progetto che poi fallì.

Matrimonio

Contratto di matrimonio tra Carlo di Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen e Maria Antonietta Murat

Il coinvolgimento di Carlo col regime napoleonico comunque divenne molto più forte da quando, nel 1808, sposò la nipote di Gioacchino Murat, cognato del Bonaparte e re di Napoli. Durante le successive guerre napoleoniche, Carlo prese le parti dei francesi, almeno sino al 1813 quando decise di cambiare fronte a favore degli alleati tedeschi.

Principe di Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen

Carlo di Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen in un ritratto d'epoca

Nel 1831, alla morte del padre, gli succedette come principe di Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen. Nel 1833 concesse al principato una costituzione, con la quale stabilì i diritti basilari per la popolazione. Carlo inoltre rimosse dalla legislazione del principato la servitù e varie altre leggi medievali che ancora erano in vigore, servendosi ampiamente dell'operato di Ludwig Hassenpflug che delegò all'amministrazione interna.[1] Durante gli anni di reggenza del trono paterno, fece costruire il primo ospedale del principato e la Ständehaus, un edificio governativo dove accogliere il parlamento, oltre alla Leopoldplatz a Sigmaringen (oggi sede della Hohenzollerische Landesbank). Promotore culturale, fu in diretta corrispondenza con Alexander von Humboldt.

Venne costretto ad abdicare a seguito dei moti rivoluzionari del 1848, in favore del figlio Carlo Antonio, giudicato più liberale.[2]

Morte

Monumento commemorativo a Carlo di Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen

Morì l'11 marzo 1853 a Bologna, di tifo, mentre era in viaggio verso Roma.

Discendenza

Nel 1808 sposò Maria Antonietta Murat, figlia di Pierre e nipote del celebre Gioacchino Murat.

Dal matrimonio con Maria Antonietta nacquero quattro figli:

Nel 1848, rimasto vedovo, si risposò con Caterina di Hohenlohe-Waldenburg-Schillingsfürst (1817-1893), figlia del principe Carlo Alberto III di Hohenlohe-Waldenburg-Schillingsfürst vedova del conte Franz Erwin von Ingelheim. Da questo matrimonio non nacquero altri eredi.

Ascendenza

Genitori Nonni Bisnonni Trisnonni
Giuseppe Federico Ernesto di Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen Mainardo II di Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen  
 
Giovanna di Montfort  
Carlo Federico di Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen  
Maria di Öttingen-Spielberg Francesco Alberto di Öttingen-Spielberg  
 
Johanna Margarethe von Schwendi  
Antonio Luigi di Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen  
Francesco di Hohenzollern-s'Heerenberg Mainardo II di Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen  
 
Giovanna di Montfort  
Giovanna di Hohenzollern-s'Heerenberg  
Marie Katharina von Waldburg-Zeil Johann Christoph von Waldburg-Zeil  
 
Maria Franziska Elisabeth von Montfort Tettnang  
Carlo di Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen  
Enrico di Salm-Leuze Carlo Fiorentino di Salm  
 
Marie Gabriëlle de Lalaing d'Hoogstraeten  
Filippo Giuseppe di Salm-Kyrburg  
Maria Teresa di Croÿ Philippe François de Croÿ  
 
Claudine Françoise de la Pierre du Fay  
Amalia Zefirina di Salm-Kyrburg  
Maximilian Emmanuel III von Hornes Philippe Emmanuel von Hornes  
 
Marie Anne Antonietta di Ligne  
Maria Theresia von Hornes  
Marie Therese Bruce Thomas Bruce, III conte di Elgin  
 
Charlotte d'Argenteau d'Esneux  
 

Onorificenze

Note

  1. ^ Gustav Schilling: Geschichte des Hauses Hohenzollern, in genealogisch fortlaufenden Biographien aller seiner Regenten von den ältesten bis auf die neuesten Zeiten, nach Urkunden und andern authentischen Quellen, (DE) F. Fleischer, 1843, p. 300 e seguenti.[1]
  2. ^ German monarchy.de (DE) consultato il 22 gennaio 2010

Bibliografia

  • Otto Hintze, Die Hohenzollern und ihr Werk 1415-1915., Solingen, Verlag A. Steiger, 1982, ISBN 3921564182.
  • Gustav Schilling: Geschichte des Hauses Hohenzollern in genealogisch fortlaufenden Biographien aller seiner Regenten von den ältesten bis auf die neuesten Zeiten, nach Urkunden und andern authentischen Quellen. Fleischer, Leipzig 1843, S. 300ff.
  • Heinrich August Pierer: Pierer's Universal-Lexikon der Vergangenheit und Gegenwart: oder, Neuestes encyclopädisches Wörterbuch der Wissenschaften, Künste und Gewerbe, Band 9, 1860, S. 315.

Altri progetti

Collegamenti esterni

Predecessore Principe di Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen Successore
Antonio Luigi 1831-1848 Carlo Antonio
Controllo di autoritàVIAF (EN35221702 · ISNI (EN0000 0000 2874 4942 · CERL cnp00586061 · LCCN (ENn88244603 · GND (DE116957433

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