CA 19-9

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CA 19-9
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Il CA 19-9 (Carbohydrate Antigen, antigene carboidratico 19-9) o GICA (GastroIntestinal Cancer Antigen, antigene del cancro gastrointestinale) è un marcatore tumorale che viene ricercato nel sangue ottenuto mediante prelievo venoso.

Storia

Venne scoperto per la prima volta nel 1981 nei pazienti con cancro del colon-retto o con carcinoma del pancreas,[1] benché possa essere titolabile anche nei soggetti con patologie epatiche, del tratto biliare e nella sindrome di Mirizzi.[2]

Impiego clinico

Benché il CA 19-9 sia presente nella maggior parte dei soggetti con carcinoma del pancreas, il suo rilevamento non ha un valore diagnostico a causa della scarsa specificità (il CA 19-9 è titolabile anche in altre condizioni patologiche) e della presenza di falsi negativi (alcuni soggetti con carcinoma pancreatico non presentano livelli elevati di CA 19-9). Tuttavia, una volta diagnosticato il cancro, la titolazione dei livelli di CA 19-9 ha un elevato valore prognostico in quanto una rapida riduzione dei livelli in seguito alla terapia chirurgica correla con un buon grado di resezione di neoplasia attiva. Analogamente, l'aumento del CA 19-9 in corso di monitoraggio post-operatorio correla con recidiva di neoplasia pancreatica o con la presenza di metastasi.[3]

Note

  1. ^ Koprowski H, Herlyn M, Steplewski Z, Sears HF, Specific antigen in serum of patients with colon carcinoma, in Science, vol. 212, n. 4490, 1981, pp. 53–5, DOI:10.1126/science.6163212, PMID 6163212.
  2. ^ Robertson A, Davidson B, Mirizzi syndrome complicating an anomalous biliary tract: a novel cause of a hugely elevated CA19-9, in European journal of gastroenterology & hepatology, vol. 19, n. 2, 2007, pp. 167–9, DOI:10.1097/MEG.0b013e3280122879, PMID 17273004.
  3. ^ Locker G, Hamilton S, Harris J, Jessup J, Kemeny N, Macdonald J, Somerfield M, Hayes D, Bast R, ASCO 2006 update of recommendations for the use of tumor markers in gastrointestinal cancer, in J. Clin. Oncol., vol. 24, n. 33, 2006, pp. 5313–27, DOI:10.1200/JCO.2006.08.2644, PMID 17060676.

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Collegamenti esterni

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