Bonaparte davanti alla Sfinge

Bonaparte davanti alla sfinge
AutoreJean-Léon Gérôme
Data1867-1868
Tecnicaolio su tela
Dimensioni61,6×101,9 cm
UbicazioneCastello Hearst, San Simeon

Bonaparte davanti alla Sfinge (Bonaparte devant le Sphinx) è un dipinto a olio su tela del pittore francese Jean-Léon Gérôme, realizzato tra il 1867 e il 1868.[1] Il quadro oggi è conservato al castello Hearst, a San Simeon, in California.[2]

Storia

Il dipinto venne presentato al Salone del 1886 con il titolo Œdipe (Edipo),[1] in modo da evocare il mito di Edipo e l'enigma della sfinge. Nel 1898, questo dipinto e il suo pendant, Bonaparte al Cairo, furono acquistati dall'imprenditore statunitense William Randolph Hearst. Le due opere furono quindi esposte nel castello Hearst, dove si trovano tuttora.[3][4]

Descrizione

Il tema dell'opera è tratto dalla campagna d'Egitto del generale francese Napoleone Bonaparte. Napoleone si trova a cavallo, sulla sommità di un piccolo promontorio, davanti alla grande Sfinge di Giza, semicoperta dalla sabbia del deserto.[5] Sullo sfondo l'esercito napoleonico attraversa il deserto, e più in lontananza sono situate delle montagne aride, il tutto sotto un cielo limpido. Quest'opera di Jean-Léon Gérôme possiede una doppia interpretazione, erudita e popolare, che la rende importante per gli storici dell'arte e per il pubblico.

I soldati francesi nella valle desertica sono molto lontani e per questo appaiono molti piccoli: lo stato maggiore di Napoleone può essere identificato soltanto dall'ombra dei cavalieri; d'altro canto, la Sfinge domina la scena e sembra sorridere, anche con il naso probabilmente distrutto da una cannonata.

Nella cultura di massa

La vignetta pubblicata su Life che parodia l'opera

Il dipinto venne parodiato in una vignetta pubblicata il 27 febbraio 1908 sul periodico statunitense Life: in questa vignetta la sfinge ha il volto dell'allora presidente degli Stati Uniti Theodore Roosevelt.[6]

Il quadro è citato in una scena del film Napoleon di Ridley Scott, uscito nel 2023.[7]

Note

  1. ^ a b (FR) Oedipe, su napoleon.org. URL consultato il 22 settembre 2021.
  2. ^ (EN) Bonaparte Before the Sphinx, su museumcollections.parks.ca.gov. URL consultato il 22 settembre 2021.
  3. ^ (EN) JÉAN-LEON GÉRÔME, Napoleon and his General Staff in Egypt, 1824-1904, su Andrew Clayton-Payne. URL consultato il 22 settembre 2021.
  4. ^ Alberto Arbasino, Le Muse a Los Angeles, Adelphi, 30 ottobre 2018, ISBN 978-88-459-8011-4. URL consultato il 22 settembre 2021.
  5. ^ (EN) Pictures of the Salon, in The New York Times, 24 aprile 1886. URL consultato il 22 settembre 2021.
  6. ^ (EN) Willis Goth Regier, Book of the Sphinx, U of Nebraska Press, 1º dicembre 2004, ISBN 978-0-8032-0526-0. URL consultato il 22 settembre 2021.
  7. ^ (FR) Napoléon : bande-annonce grandiose pour le film de Ridley Scott, su EcranLarge.com, 10 luglio 2023. URL consultato il 17 novembre 2023.

Bibliografia

  • (FR) Gerald Ackerman, Jean-Léon Gérôme. Monographie révisée, catalogie raisonné mis a jour, ACR, 2000, ISBN 2-86770-137-6.
  • (EN) Laurence des Cars, Dominque de Font-Rélaux e Édouard Papet (a cura di), The Spectacular Art of Jean-Léon Gérôme, (1824–1904), Parigi, SKIRA, 2010.
  • (EN) Jennifer Hardin, The Lure of Egypt: Land of the Pharaohs Revisited, Smithsonian Libraries, 1996.
  • (EN) Benjamin Roger, Orientalism: Delacroix to Klee, Sidney, Thames & Hudson, 1997.

Altri progetti

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