Anidride iodica

Anidride iodica
Formula di struttura
Formula di struttura
Modello 3D della molecola
Modello 3D della molecola
Nome IUPAC
pentossido di diiodio
Caratteristiche generali
Formula bruta o molecolareI2O5
Massa molecolare (u)317,80
Aspettosolido bianco cristallino[1]
igroscopico
Numero CAS12029-98-0
Numero EINECS234-740-2
PubChem159402
SMILES
O=I(=O)OI(=O)=O
Proprietà chimico-fisiche
Densità (g/cm3, in c.s.)4,98 (20 °C)[1]
Solubilità in acqua(20 °C) solubile
Temperatura di fusione300 °C (decomp)[2]
Indicazioni di sicurezza
Simboli di rischio chimico
comburente corrosivo
pericolo
Frasi H272 - 314
Consigli P220 - 280 - 305+351+338 - 310 [3]

L'anidride iodica o pentossido di diiodio è l'anidride che si forma dall'unione di ossigeno gassoso e iodio con stato di ossidazione = 5.

A temperatura ambiente si presenta come un solido bianco giallastro inodore, con forti proprietà ossidanti.

Struttura

I2O5 è piegato con un angolo I-O-I di 139.2°, ma la molecola non ha piani speculari così la sua simmetria non è C2v. Le distanze I-O laterali sono circa 0.18 nm e quella centrale (ponte) circa 0.195 nm[4].

Sintesi

L'anidride iodica non può venire preparata per sintesi diretta tra iodio ed ossigeno in quanto lo iodio è poco reattivo in confronto a quest'ultimo, ma viene ottenuta disidratando l'acido iodico a 200 °C.

Reazioni

Il pentossido di iodio ossida facilmente il monossido di carbonio ad anidride carbonica a temperatura ambiente:

Questa reazione può essere usata per analizzare la concentrazione di CO in un campione gassoso.

I2O5 forma il catione [IO2+], con SO3 e S2O6F2, ed il catione [IO+], con acido solforico concentrato.

Note

  1. ^ a b Greenwood, Norman N.; Earnshaw, A., Chemistry of the Elements, 2ª ed., Oxford, Butterworth-Heinemann, 1997, pp. 851-852, ISBN 0-08-037941-9.
  2. ^ Pradyot Patnaik. Handbook of Inorganic Chemicals. McGraw-Hill, 2002, ISBN 0-07-049439-8
  3. ^ Sigma Aldrich; rev. del 02.01.2011
  4. ^ K. Selte and A. Kjekshus, Iodine oxides: part III, The crystal structure of I2O5, in Acta Chem. Scand., vol. 24, 1970, pp. 1912–1914, DOI:10.3891/acta.chem.scand.24-1912.

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