Yahwe
Sekeping koin drachma (seperempat shekel ) dari provinsi Persia Yehud , menampilkan Yahweh (dewa bulan) digambarkan sebagai laki-laki berjanggut duduk di atas takhta beroda dan bersayap. Yahwe [ 2] bahasa Ibrani : יהוה , translit. yhw Yehuwa [ 3] Yahudi , meskipun Yahwe tidak pernah disembah secara eksklusif oleh bangsa Israel. Namanya mungkin dimulai sebagai julukan kepada El , Dewa tertinggi dalam Panteon Kanaan , Referensi terawal yang menyebut nama Yahweh didapat dari catatan Mesir Kuno yang menempatkannya sebagai sesembahan di antara kaum nomad di kawasan selatan Transjordan . Dalam literatur alkitab tertua, dia digambarkan sebagai "prajurit ilahi" yang memimpin tentara surgawi melawan semua musuh Israel; ia kemudian menjadi pemimpin utama dari kerajaan Samaria dan Yehuda , dan dalam kurun waktu tertentu, kerajaan menyatakan bahwa Yahweh sebagai pencipta seluruh alam semesta dan memiliki keilahian yang tak dapat disangkal. Pada masa akhir pembuangan ke Babilonia (abad ke-6 SM), keberadaan ilah-ilah lain disangkal, dan Yahweh dicanangkan sebagai pencipta alam semesta , sebagai Tuhan satu-satunya yang menjadi pemilik sejati seluruh alam semesta.
Referensi
Catatan kaki
Daftar Pustaka
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The Bible Unearthed: Archaeology's New Vision of Ancient Israel and the Origin of Sacred Texts Frerichs, Ernest S. (1998). The Bible and Bibles in America Gnuse, Robert Karl (1997). No Other Gods: Emergent Monotheism in Israel Gorman, Frank H., Jr. (2000). "Feasts, Festivals". Dalam Freedman, David Noel; Myers, Allen C. Eerdmans Dictionary of the Bible ISBN 978-1-57506-083-5 . Gnuse, Robert (1999). "The Emergence of Monotheism in Ancient Israel: A Survey of Recent Scholarship" . Religion . 29 : 315–336. Grabbe, Lester (2010). "' Many nations will be joined to YHWH in that day': The question of YHWH outside Judah". Dalam Stavrakopoulou, Francesca; Barton, John. Religious diversity in Ancient Israel and Judah ISBN 978-0-567-03216-4 . Grabbe, Lester (2007). Ancient Israel: What Do We Know and How Do We Know It? Hackett, Jo Ann (2001). "' There Was No King In Israel': The Era of the Judges". Dalam Coogan, Michael David. The Oxford History of the Biblical World ISBN 978-0-19-513937-2 . 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Dalam Finkelstein, Louis. The Cambridge History of Judaism: Volume 1, Introduction: The Persian Period Sommer, Benjamin D. (2011). "God, names of". Dalam Berlin, Adele; Grossman, Maxine L. The Oxford Dictionary of the Jewish Religion Van Der Toorn, Karel (1995). "Ritual Resistance and Self-Assertion". Dalam Platvoet, Jan. G.; Van Der Toorn, Karel. Pluralism and Identity: Studies in Ritual Behaviour Van Der Toorn, Karel (1999). "Yahweh". Dalam Van Der Toorn, Karel; Becking, Bob; van der Horst, Pieter Willem. Dictionary of Deities and Demons in the Bible Van Der Toorn, Karel (1996). Family Religion in Babylonia, Ugarit and Israel: Continuity and Changes in the Forms of Religious Life Wright, J. Edward (2002). The Early History of Heaven Wyatt, Nicolas (2010). "Royal Religion in Ancient Judah". Dalam Stavrakopoulou, Francesca; Barton, John. Religious Diversity in Ancient Israel and Judah ISBN 978-0-567-03216-4 .
