William dari Ockham

William Ockham

William dari Ockham (juga Occam atau beberapa ejaan lainnya) (ca. 1285-1349) adalah seorang pastor Ordo Fransiskan berkebangsaan Inggris dan filsuf, dari Ockham, desa kecil di Surrey, dekat East Horsley. William mengabdikan diri pada hidup yang papa dan minimalis. Seorang perintis nominalisme, ia kadang-kadang dianggap sebagai bapak epistemologi modern dan filsafat modern umum, berkat pendapatnya yang didukung argumen kuat, bahwa hanya individu yang ada, bukan universal, esensi, atau bentuk supra-individual, dan bahwa universal adalah hasil astraksi dari individu oleh pikiran manusia dan tidak memiliki wujud di-luar-mental. Ockham juga dipandang sebagai salah satu ahli logika terbesar sepanjang masa.

Dave Beckett dari University of Kent di Canterbury menulis:

"Aturan hemat zaman pertengahan, or prinsip ekonomis, yang sering digunakan Ockham kini dikenal sebagai Pisau Ockham."

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