Tetesan minyak (anatomi hewan)


Sel kecurut burung, termasuk tetesan minyak.

Tetesan minyak ditemukan di mata beberapa hewan, yang terletak di sel-sel fotoreseptor. Umumnya terdapat di mata binatang (aktif di siang hari), reptil (kadal, kura-kura) dan burung (lihat penglihatan burung).[1] Tetesan minyak lebih banyak ditemukan di sel kerucut daripada sel batang, menunjukkan perannya dalam penglihatan warna. Dalam hal tetesan minyak ditemukan di sel batang, dapat disimpulkan bahwa sel batang tersebut merupakan evolusi dari sel kerucut.[2] Kadang tetesan minyak juga ditemukan dalam sel kerucut ganda atau sel batang ganda.[2] Beberapa tetesan minyak memiliki warna, sementara ada juga yang tidak berwarna. Terletak di bagian dalam sel kerucut, dimana tetesan minyak ini akan menyaring cahaya yang masuk sebelum diteruskan ke bagian luar sel kerucut tempat terdapatnya pigmen visual.[3]

Tetesan minyak berfungsi mengurangi jumlah cahaya yang masuk ke sistem visual. Juga mengurangi overlap antara sensitivitas beberapa jenis sel kerucut (seperti panjang gelombang). Hal ini berguna untuk meningkatkan jumlah warna yang bisa dibedakan.[3]

Referensi

  1. ^ Robinson, S.R. (1994). "Early vertebrate color vision". Nature. 367: 121. 
  2. ^ a b Walls, G. (1942). The Vertebrate Eye and its Adaptive Radiation. MI, Bloomfield Hills: Cranbrook Institute of Science. 
  3. ^ a b Vorobyev, M. (2003). "Coloured oil droplets enhance colour discrimination". Proc. R. Soc. Lond. B. 270: 1255–1261. doi:10.1098/rspb.2003.2381. 


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