Sarra-El

Sarra-El
Raja Halab (Yamhad)
BerkuasaAwal abad ke-16 SM
Pendahuluinterregnum
mantan raja Halab adalah: Hammurabi III
PenerusAbba-El II

Sarra-El juga tertulis Šarran (memerintah awal abad ke-16 SM - Kronologi Tengah) merupakan seorang pangeran Yamhad yang mungkin telah mendapatkan kembali takhta setelah pembunuhan raja Het, Mursili I.[1]

Identitas dan Hubungan dengan Keluarga Kerajaan

Sarra-El dikenal melalui segel putranya Abba-El II yang digunakan oleh Niqmepa raja Alalakh sebagai segel dinasti.[2] Segel tersebut menggambarkan Abba-El II sebagai kekasih Hadad, gelar yang digunakan oleh raja-raja Yamhad,[3] Niqmepa adalah putra Idrimi yang merupakan keturunan raja-raja kuno Yamhad,[4][5] Ayahanda Idrimi, Ilim-Ilimma I mungkin putra Abba-El II.[6]

Fakta ini menegaskan bahwa Sarra-El adalah seorang pangeran Yamhad,[7] nama Sarra-El juga disebutkan dalam dua batu peringatan Alalakh (AlT 79 dan AlT 95), di kemudian hari namanya muncul setelah nama putri Bintikidiya dan pangeran Hammurabi pewaris Alalakh. Hal ini menunjukkan status kerajaan Sarra-El, yang dipimpin prof. Michael C. Astour percaya bahwa Sarra-EL adalah putra Yarim-Lim III yang mungkin.

Pemerintahan

Prasasti Idrimi dan Niqmepa menunjukkan bahwa Sarra-El adalah seorang pangeran Yamhad tapi ia tidak dikonfirmasi sebagai raja. Prof. Trevor R. Bryce percaya ia menjadi raja yang mengembalikan keluarga kerajaan Yamhad,[8] lainnya seperti Astour dan prof. Eva Von Dassow mengaitkan hal ini dengan putranya Abba-El II.[9]

Aleppo dibangun kembali dan menjadi ibu kota lagi segera setelah pembunuhan Mursili I, namun nama Yamhad tidak digunakan lagi, gelar raja menjadi Raja Halab.[10]

Mursili meninggal pada sekitar tahun 1590 SM Kronologi Tengah,[11][12][13] restorasi terjadi tidak lama setelah kematiannya, yang akan menempatkan rezim Sarra-El (jika ia seorang raja) pada kuartal pertama abad ke-16 SM.

Penerus dan Kerajaan Halab

Tanggal kematian Sarra-El tidak diketahui. Abba-El II dikonfirmasi sebagai putra dan penerus Sarra-El melalui segel kerajaannya. Pada dekade berikutnya Aleppo merebut kembali Niya, Mukis (wilayah Alalakh)[14] dan Ama u.

Referensi

Kutipan

  1. ^ Trevor Bryce. The Routledge Handbook of the Peoples and Places of Ancient Western Asia. hlm. 27. 
  2. ^ Eva Von Dassow. State and society in the late Bronze Age. hlm. 18. 
  3. ^ Dominique Collon. First impressions: cylinder seals in the ancient Near East. hlm. 119. 
  4. ^ Dominique Collon. Ancient Near Eastern Art. hlm. 109. 
  5. ^ Fondation assyriologique Georges Dossin. Akkadica, Nummers 71-80. hlm. 20. 
  6. ^ Michael C. Astour. Hittite history and absolute chronology of the Bronze Age. hlm. 19. 
  7. ^ Michael C. Astour. Orientalia: Vol. 38. hlm. 382. 
  8. ^ Trevor Bryce. The Kingdom of the Hittites. hlm. 126. 
  9. ^ Eva Von Dassow. State and society in the late Bronze Age. hlm. 18. 
  10. ^ Michael C. Astour. Orientalia: Vol. 38. hlm. 384. 
  11. ^ Trevor Bryce. Hittite Warrior. hlm. 6. [pranala nonaktif permanen]
  12. ^ Barbette Stanley Spaeth. The Cambridge Companion to Ancient Mediterranean Religions. hlm. 110. 
  13. ^ Thomas Harrison. The Great Empires of the Ancient World. hlm. 46. 
  14. ^ Cyrus Herzl Gordon; Gary Rendsburg; Nathan H. Winter. Eblaitica: Essays on the Ebla Archives and Eblaite Language, Volume 4. hlm. 104. 
Sarra-El dari Halab
Gelar kebangsawanan
Lowong
Terakhir dijabat oleh
Hammurabi III sbg Raja Yamhad 		Raja Halab (Yamhad) Diteruskan oleh:
Abba-El II

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