Saninten

Saninten
buah Saninten
Klasifikasi ilmiah Sunting klasifikasi ini
Kerajaan: Plantae
Klad: Tracheophyta
Klad: Angiospermae
Klad: Eudikotil
Klad: Rosid
Ordo: Fagales
Famili: Fagaceae
Genus: Castanopsis
Spesies:
C. argentea
Nama binomial
Castanopsis argentea
(Blume) A.DC.
Sinonim

Castanea agentea Blume

Saninten atau Castanopsis argentea (bahasa Inggris: Sweet Chestnut) adalah tumbuhan pohon asli Indonesia yang mendapat julukan "Rambutan Hutan" yang saat ini sudah cukup langka keberadaannya.[2] Penyebutan pohon rambutan hutan pada tumbuhan ini disebabkan bentuk tampilan daun dan buahnya yang menyerupai rambutan, yaitu kulit luar buahnya memiliki duri-duri halus dan berbentuk bulat menyerupai rambutan.[3] Tumbuhan ini juga memiliki sebutan lain, yaitu berangan atau sarangan[4]

Sebaran

Sebagai tumbuhan asli Indonesia, pohon saninten secara umum tumbuh dan menyebar di wilayah Sumatra dan Jawa.[2] Habitat utamanya berada di hutan-hutan wilayah perbukitan dan pegunungan dengan ketinggian 150–1750mdpl. Saat ini pohon saninten bisa ditemukan di lingkungan yang masih belum banyak terganggu oleh aktivitas manusia, seperti daerah Cagar Alam/Taman Nasional di wilayah Gunung Gede dan Gunung Halimun di Jawa Barat.[4]

Keberadaan pohon ini masuk ke dalam kategori langka dan hampir punah, dengan status (EN). Di wilayah dataran rendah–menengah Sumatra, pohon ini telah dinyatakan punah akibat dari pembukaan lahan perkebunan kelapa sawit secara besar-besaran.[1]

Pemanfaatan

Biji saninten biasanya diolah secara sederhana dengan cara perebusan, pemanggangan, atau disangrai untuk dijadikan hidangan cemilan mahal karena memiliki cita rasa yang unik, wangi serta rasa manis gurih dan empuk.[3][4][5] Selain bijinya, pohon saninten juga dapat dimanfaatkan batangnya untuk diambil kayunya.[5]

Referensi

  1. ^ a b Barstow, M.; Kartawinata, K. (21 Juni 2017). "Sarangan (Castanopsis argentea)". 2018: e.T62004506A62004510. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2018-1.RLTS.T62004506A62004510.en. 
  2. ^ a b Sukardi, Muhammad (5 Agustus 2021). "Mengenal Saninten si Buah Langka, Punya Suami dan Dijuluki Rambutan Hutan". today.line.me. iNews.id. Diakses tanggal 25 April 2022. 
  3. ^ a b Sutirya, Yaya (30 September 2018). "Saninten Riwayatmu Kini". menlhk.go.id. Balai Taman Nasional Gunung Ceremai (BTNGC). Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2020-08-10. Diakses tanggal 25 April 2022. 
  4. ^ a b c "Karakteristik Saninten". wanaswara.com. Diakses tanggal 25 April 2022. 
  5. ^ a b Wardani, Dewasasri M. (27 Maret 2020). "Saninten, Sweet Chestnut yang Kini Dilindungi". www.satuharapan.com. Diakses tanggal 25 April 2022. 

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