Sampah laut

Sampah laut di sekitar daerah pesisir Mayangan, Probolinggo.

Sampah laut adalah sampah buatan manusia yang terlepas ke lautan atau samudra, baik secara disengaja maupun tidak. Sampah mengambang cenderung terkumpul di tengah-tengah pusaran samudra dan daerah pesisir.[1] Sampah ini biasanya terhempas ke daratan dan menjadi sampah pantai yang terbawa arus pasang.

Meningkatnya penggunaan plastik di kehidupan manusia menjadi sebuah persoalan karena banyak bahan plastik yang tidak dapat terurai secara alami.[2] Plastik yang terkatung-katung di perairan menjadi ancaman serius untuk makhluk hidup yang tinggal di kawasan tersebut, seperti ikan, burung camar, reptil dsb. serta menjadi ancaman pula untuk kegiatan angkutan laut dan pesisir.[3] Sampah plastik adalah jenis sampah paling besar yang terkandung dalam sampah laut.[4]

Jenis-jenis

Beberapa jenis sampah laut yang dilansir situs Kementerian Kelautan dan Perikanan Republik Indonesia., antara lain:[4]

  • Plastik, mencakup beragam materi polimer sintetis, termasuk jaring ikan, tali, pelampung dan perlengkapan penangkapan ikan lain; barang-barang konsumen keseharian, seperti kantong plastik, botol plastik, kemasan plastik, mainan plastik, wadah tampon; popok; barang-barang untuk merokok, seperti puntung rokok, korek api, pucuk cerutu; butir resin plastik; partikel plastik mikro;
  • Logam, termasuk kaleng minuman, kaleng aerosol, pembungkus kertas timah dan pembakar (barbeque) sekali pakai;
  • Gelas, termasuk botol, bola lampu;
  • Kayu olahan, termasuk palet, krat/peti, dan papan kayu;
  • Kertas dan kardus, termasuk karton, gelas, dan kantong;
  • Karet, termasuk ban, balon, dan sarung tangan;
  • Pakaian dan tekstil, termasuk sepatu, bahan perabot, dan handuk.

Catatan kaki

  1. ^ Gary Strieker (28 July 1998). "Pollution invades small Pacific island". CNN. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 31 December 2007. Diakses tanggal 1 April 2008. 
  2. ^ Graham, Rachel (10 July 2019). "Euronews Living | Watch: Italy's answer to the problem with plastic". living. 
  3. ^ "Facts about marine debris". US NOAA. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 13 February 2009. Diakses tanggal 10 April 2008. 
  4. ^ a b DIREKTORAT JENDERAL PENGELOLAAN RUANG LAUT, Kementerian Kelautan dan Perikanan. "Sampah Laut". Diakses tanggal 4 April 2020. 


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