Perubahan iklim dan anak-anak

Perubahan iklim dan anak-anak mengacu pada efek langsung dan tidak langsung perubahan iklim terhadap anak-anak. Anak-anak lebih rentan terhadap dampak perubahan iklim daripada orang dewasa. Organisasi Kesehatan Dunia (WHO) memperkirakan 88% dari beban penyakit global yang ada sebagai akibat perubahan iklim terjadi pada anak-anak di bawah usia 5 tahun. Anak-anak yang hidup di negara berkembang memiliki risiko lebih tinggi atas dampak berbahaya perubahan iklim.[1] Anak-anak yang berada di daerah perkotaan juga terpengaruh oleh kualitas udara yang buruk, kepadatan penduduk, serta situasi keras yang ada di sekeliling mereka.[2] Selain itu, tinjauan Lancet tentang kesehatan dan perubahan iklim memasukkan anak-anak sebagai kategori yang paling parah terkena dampak perubahan iklim.[3]

Darurat iklim

Anak-anak secara fisik lebih rentan terhadap perubahan iklim.[4] Perubahan iklim mempengaruhi kesehatan fisik dan kesejahteraan anak-anak. Ketidaksetaraan yang berlaku antarnegara menentukan dampak perubahan iklim pada anak-anak.[5] Anak-anak juga tidak memiliki suara atau perhatian dalam hal tanggapan global terhadap perubahan iklim.[4]

Orang-orang yang tinggal di negara miskin dan berkembang menderita beban penyakit yang lebih tinggi, selain itu mereka juga kurang mampu menghadapi ancaman perubahan iklim.[6] Dapat dikatakan bahwa hampir seluruh anak di dunia berisiko atas dampak polusi dan perubahan iklim, namun hampir setengahnya berada pada risiko yang ekstrem.[7]

Referensi

  1. ^ Anderko, Laura; Chalupka, Stephanie; Du, Maritha; Hauptman, Marissa (2020-01). "Climate changes reproductive and children's health: a review of risks, exposures, and impacts". Pediatric Research (dalam bahasa Inggris). 87 (2): 414–419. doi:10.1038/s41390-019-0654-7. ISSN 1530-0447. 
  2. ^ "WHO | The global burden of disease: 2004 update". web.archive.org. 2009-03-24. Archived from the original on 2009-03-24. Diakses tanggal 2023-02-14. 
  3. ^ Watts, Nick; Amann, Markus; Arnell, Nigel; Ayeb-Karlsson, Sonja; Belesova, Kristine; Boykoff, Maxwell; Byass, Peter; Cai, Wenjia; Campbell-Lendrum, Diarmid (2019-11-16). "The 2019 report of The Lancet Countdown on health and climate change: ensuring that the health of a child born today is not defined by a changing climate". Lancet (London, England). 394 (10211): 1836–1878. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(19)32596-6. ISSN 1474-547X. PMID 31733928. 
  4. ^ a b Currie, Janet; Deschênes, Olivier (2016). "Children and Climate Change: Introducing the Issue". The Future of Children. 26 (1): 3–9. ISSN 1054-8289. 
  5. ^ Helldén, Daniel; Andersson, Camilla; Nilsson, Maria; Ebi, Kristie L.; Friberg, Peter; Alfvén, Tobias (2021-03-01). "Climate change and child health: a scoping review and an expanded conceptual framework". The Lancet Planetary Health (dalam bahasa English). 5 (3): e164–e175. doi:10.1016/S2542-5196(20)30274-6. ISSN 2542-5196. PMID 33713617 Periksa nilai |pmid= (bantuan). 
  6. ^ "Unless we act now: The impact of climate change on children". www.unicef.org (dalam bahasa Inggris). Diakses tanggal 2023-02-14. 
  7. ^ Carrington, Damian; editor, Damian Carrington Environment (2021-08-20). "A billion children at 'extreme risk' from climate impacts – Unicef". The Guardian (dalam bahasa Inggris). ISSN 0261-3077. Diakses tanggal 2023-02-14. 

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